Charlotte Bronte'nin Villette (1853), Iris Murdoch'un Melekler Zamanı (1966), Jeanette Winterson'ın Tek Meyve Portakal Değildir (1985) romanlarının Kristeva'nın teorisine göre okunması

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2023

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Department of English Language and Literature
(1997)
Founded in 1997, the Department of English Language and Literature is one of the first Departments of Atılım University. Through the graduate and doctorate degree programs in addition to the undergraduate program, the Department raises students and academicians. At the Department of English Language and Literature, we aim to graduate students who have studied and learned the English language and literature at an advanced level and developed the skill to produce ideas; as well as the ability to do analyses and academic research on literature. In addition to granting our students with the opportunity to develop their backgrounds in general culture, the education that we offer contributes to their interest and knowledge in contemporary and current issues. Accredited for 5 years from February 24th 2019 by FEDEK, our undergraduate program grants our students the opportunity to join Double-Major or Minor programs in Translation and Interpretation, and International Relations. Another option for the students of our Department is the Erasmus Exchange Program.

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Bu tezin amacı seçilmiş romanlarda abjeksiyon yüzünden krizde olan kadın kimliğindeki değişimin araştırılmasıdır. Kristeva bir bebeğin özne olmak ve sembolik düzene girip babanın kanununu kabul edebilmesi için 'abjeksiyon (iğrenme)' adı verilen bir süreçten geçerek, annesi ve kendi arasına sınır koyarak ondan ayrılması gerektiğini öne sürer. Metaforik olarak birinin kimliğini kaybetme korkusu anlamına gelen abjeksiyon kişinin kendine 'diğeri' olanı reddetmesi durumudur. Bu çalışmada Kristeva'nın kimlik teorisi, yani, abjeksiyon, melankoli, psikolojik kriz halindeki kadın karakterlerin kaybettikleri anneleriyle tekrar birleşme arzusu ile semiotik chora arayışları ve yeni bir kimlikle sembolik düzene uyum sağlamaları üç farklı dönemden üç romanla Villette (1853), Melekler Zamanı (1966), ve Tek Meyve Portakal Değildir (1985) açıklanacaktır. Bu romanlar kadın yazarların kriz içindeki kadın kimliğini ayrı perspektiflerden temsil etmede farklarını göstermek için özellikle seçilmiştir. Kristeva için, annelik ve semiotiği temsil eden kadınlar, erkek merkezli sembolik düzeni değiştiremezler, ama kimliğin yapılanması asla tamamlanmadığı için süreç içindeki ya da sorgulanan özneler olarak değişebilir ve bu romanlarda görüldüğü gibi sembolik düzende yerlerini alabilirler. Anahtar Kelimeler: Abjeksiyon (İğrenme), Kadın Kimliği, Kriz, Kristeva, Feminizm.
The aim of this dissertation is to explore the change in female subjectivity in selected novels as a result of the crisis they experience because of the abjection. Kristeva claims that an infant has to separate from its mother in order to put borders between itself and its mother by a process called 'abjection' to become a subject and access the symbolic order to accept the Law of the father. Abjection is the condition of rejecting what is 'other' to oneself which metaphorically refers to the fear of losing one's own identity. In this study, Kristevan theories of subjectivity, that is, abjection, melancholia, the female characters' search for semiotic chora with a psychological crisis wishing a reunion with their lost mothers and conformation to the symbolic order with their 'new' subjectivity will be explained in three novels from three different periods, Villette (1883), The Time of Angels (1964) and Oranges are not the Only Fruit (1985). These novels are particularly chosen to display the differences of the female authors in representing female subjectivity in crisis from distinct perspectives, For Kristeva, women representing the semiotic and the maternity, are unable to change the male-centred symbolic order, but can change as subjects in process or on trial as the constitution of the identity is never fixed and can take their place in the symbolic order as seen in these novels. Keywords: Abjection, Female Subjectivity, Crisis, Kristeva, Feminism.

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Batı Dilleri ve Edebiyatı, Western Linguistics and Literature

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164