Bir Yaz Gecesi Rüyası, Nasıl Hoşunuza Giderse ve Onikinci Gece oyunlarındaki Bakhtinsel karnaval ruhu: Zaman-mekan ilişkisi, rol değiştirme, güldürü, parodi ve grotesk imgeleme

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2015

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Department of English Language and Literature
(1997)
Founded in 1997, the Department of English Language and Literature is one of the first Departments of Atılım University. Through the graduate and doctorate degree programs in addition to the undergraduate program, the Department raises students and academicians. At the Department of English Language and Literature, we aim to graduate students who have studied and learned the English language and literature at an advanced level and developed the skill to produce ideas; as well as the ability to do analyses and academic research on literature. In addition to granting our students with the opportunity to develop their backgrounds in general culture, the education that we offer contributes to their interest and knowledge in contemporary and current issues. Accredited for 5 years from February 24th 2019 by FEDEK, our undergraduate program grants our students the opportunity to join Double-Major or Minor programs in Translation and Interpretation, and International Relations. Another option for the students of our Department is the Erasmus Exchange Program.

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William Shakespeare'ın Bir Yaz Gecesi Rüyası (1595-96), Nasıl Hoşunuza Giderse (1599-1600) ve Onikinci Gece (1599-1600) adlı romantik komedileri, Mikhail Bakhtin'in teorisine uygun olarak mevcut dünya düzeninin ve geleneklerinin tersine çevrilmesini öngeren karnaval ruhunu yansıtır. 'Halk mizahı' geleneğine dayanan Bakhtin'in karnaval anlayışı, dünya düzenine yeni bir bakış açısı getirir. Bahsedilen üç oyun 'rol değiştirme,' 'zaman-mekan ilişkisi,' 'parodi' ve 'grotesk imgeleme' gibi karnaval kavramlarıyla ilişkilendirilip çözümlendiğinde, oyunlardaki karnavalesk bağlamda alışılagelmiş düzenin temsilcilerinin güldürü amacıyla yapılan taklitleri, taklitlerinin asıllarının yerini alması ve bozuk ya da garip vücut şekilleri gözlemlenir. Bu durum, oyunlarda dogmalara karşı olan ve doğrunun göreceli olduğunu gösteren bir karnaval dünyası oluşturur. Bu karnaval bağlam, mevcut hierarşik düzenin kurallarını geçici olarak kaldırıp yeni bir dünya görüşü sunar. Bakhtinsel karnaval bağlam ve arka plandaki şenlikler, rol değiştirme, parodi ve grotesk imgelemelerle birlikte oyunlarda temsil edilen otoriter düzene karşı farklı bir dünya algısı ortaya koyar. Bu üç romantik komedideki karnaval bağlamı, mevcut kural ve gelenekleri bozar fakat aynı zamanda otoriter güçlerin ve ilkelerin üzerinde yapıcı etki bırakır. Anahtar Sözcükler: William Shakespeare, Bir Yaz Gecesi Rüyası, Nasıl Hoşunuza Giderse, Onikinci Gece, Bakhtin, Karnaval Teorisi
William Shakespeare's comedies entitled A Midsummer Night's Dream (1595-96), As You Like It (1599-1600) and Twelfth Night (1599-1600) reflect the carnival spirit in Mikhail Bakhtin's theory, which proposes the inversion of the existing world order and traditions. Based on the tradition of 'folk humour,' Bakhtin's notion of the carnival brings a new outlook on the world order. When the carnivalesque atmosphere in these plays is analysed with reference to 'role reversal,' 'chronotope,' 'parody' and 'grotesque imagery,' it is observed that, with the aim of laughter, the representatives of the usual world order are imitated, their roles are reversed and their bodies are depicted as grotesque. This forms a carnival world, which is against dogmas in the plays and reveals the relativity of truth. This carnivalesque atmosphere temporarily suspends the rules of the present hierarchical order and offers a different insight. Bakhtinian carnivalesque atmosphere created by role reversals, parody and grotesque imagery and the festivities in the background of the plays' plots, propose a different perception of the world in opposition to the authoritative order represented alongside. That provides the temporary subversion of the powerful authoritative order. The carnivalesque atmosphere in these plays serves to subvert the existing rules and traditions but at the same time creates a constructive effect on authoritative power and principles. Keywords: William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night's Dream, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, Bakhtin, Carnival Theory

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İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, Bakhtin, Mikhail, Edebiyat, Grotesk, English Linguistics and Literature, Bakhtin, Mikhail, Roman, Literature, Grotesque, Tiyatro oyunları, Novel, İmgelem, Theater plays, Imagination, İngiliz edebiyatı, English literature

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162