Urban Interfaces Through the Framework of Publicness: the Case of Ulus-Bankalar Street, Ankara
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2025
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Arayüzler kamusal dış mekân ile özel mekân arasında bağlantı kuran, kentsel dokuyu okumayı sağlayan, kentlinin kente açıldığı, kentsel mekânın dış yüzeyleridir. Kent, kentli ve yapı arasında bağlantıyı sağlayan arayüzler, özel alan ve kamusal alan arasındaki geçirgenliği ve sürekliliği sağlayarak kamusal yaşamı güçlü kılar. Özel alan ile kamusal alan arasında kurulan yaya, zemin, yapı ve işlev bağlantıları esnek, geçirgen mekânlara dönüşür. Bu işlevsel ve yapısal bağlantılarının yanı sıra arayüzler, sosyal hayatın ve sosyal ilişkilerin kurulmasında, bu ilişkilerin beslenmesinde ve gündelik aktivitelerin sürdürülmesinde önemli bir rol oynar. Bu çalışmada, Ankara kentinin başkent olma sürecinde kültürel ve tarihi bir alanı olan Ulus Bankalar Caddesi üzerinde yer alan kentsel arayüzlerin tespiti ve analizi yapılarak geçmişten günümüze kentsel arayüzlerin değişimi/dönüşümü incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın temel kavramsal çerçevesini oluşturan kamusal alan, özel alan ve bu iki alanın arasında geçiş özelliği taşıyan kentsel arayüz kavramları ele alınmış ve farklı teorisyenlerin bu kavramları kentsel mekânla ilişkilendirme biçimleri ortaya konmuştur. Yurtiçi ve yurtdışında kentsel arayüz oluşumuna imkân sunan yapı örnekleri üzerinden değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Yerinde tespit ve gözlemlere dayanarak yapılan analizler, anket çalışması sonucundaki kullanıcı verileri ile desteklenmiştir. Anket çalışması, kullanım ve aktiviteler, konfor ve imaj, erişim ve bağlantılar, sosyallik ve duyumsal/algısal değerlendirme başlıkları altında; kullanıcıların çalışma alanındaki kentsel mekân ile kurdukları ilişki, kullanımları ve algılarını derinlemesine incelemek ve ortaya çıkarmak için yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sayesinde Bankalar Caddesi'nin biçimsel özelliklerine bağlı olarak hem kullanım şekilleri hem de kullanılamama nedenleri, dolayısı ile kullanıcıların alandaki sosyal aktiviteleri, alandaki algısal deneyimleri, beklentileri ve ihtiyaçları tespit edilmiştir. Ulus Bankalar Caddesi'nde sınırları belirlenen alandaki kentsel arayüzlerin biçimsel özellikleri bakımından arayüz olma nitelikleri ortaya çıkartılmış, işlevsellikleri sorgulanmıştır. Ortaya çıkan bulgularda kentsel arayüzlerin biçimsel özellikleri bakımından arayüz olma niteliği taşıdığı ancak işlevsel özelliklerine bakıldığında, kamusallık barındırmakta eksik kaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Interfaces are the outer surfaces of urban space that establish a connection between public and private spaces, enable the reading of the urban fabric, and open up the city to the city. Interfaces that provide the connection between the city, the citizen and the building strengthen public life by ensuring permeability and continuity between private and public spaces. Pedestrian, ground, structure and functional connections established between private and public areas turn into flexible, permeable spaces. In addition to these functional and structural connections, interfaces play an important role in establishing social life and social relations, nourishing these relations and sustaining daily activities. In this study, the urban interfaces located on Ulus Bankalar Street, which is a cultural and historical area of Ankara during its process of becoming a capital city, were identified and analyzed, and the change/transformation of urban interfaces from past to present was examined. The concepts of public space, private space and the urban interface, which are the transitional features between these two areas, which constitute the main conceptual framework of the research, were discussed and the ways in which different theorists relate these concepts to urban space were revealed. Evaluations were made on examples of structures that enable urban interface formation both domestically and internationally. Analyses based on on-site detection and observations were supported by user data from the survey study. The survey study was conducted to deeply examine and reveal the relationship, uses and perceptions of the users with the urban space in the study area under the headings of use and activities, comfort and image, access and connections, sociability and sensory/perceptual evaluation. Thanks to the data obtained, both the usage patterns and the reasons for non-usage of Bankalar Street, depending on its formal characteristics, and therefore the social activities of the users in the area, their perceptual experiences, expectations and needs in the area were determined. The physical characteristics of the urban interfaces in the area defined on Ulus Bankalar Street were revealed and their functionality was questioned. The findings revealed that urban interfaces have the characteristics of being interfaces in terms of their physical features, but they fall short of containing publicity when their functional features are considered.
Interfaces are the outer surfaces of urban space that establish a connection between public and private spaces, enable the reading of the urban fabric, and open up the city to the city. Interfaces that provide the connection between the city, the citizen and the building strengthen public life by ensuring permeability and continuity between private and public spaces. Pedestrian, ground, structure and functional connections established between private and public areas turn into flexible, permeable spaces. In addition to these functional and structural connections, interfaces play an important role in establishing social life and social relations, nourishing these relations and sustaining daily activities. In this study, the urban interfaces located on Ulus Bankalar Street, which is a cultural and historical area of Ankara during its process of becoming a capital city, were identified and analyzed, and the change/transformation of urban interfaces from past to present was examined. The concepts of public space, private space and the urban interface, which are the transitional features between these two areas, which constitute the main conceptual framework of the research, were discussed and the ways in which different theorists relate these concepts to urban space were revealed. Evaluations were made on examples of structures that enable urban interface formation both domestically and internationally. Analyses based on on-site detection and observations were supported by user data from the survey study. The survey study was conducted to deeply examine and reveal the relationship, uses and perceptions of the users with the urban space in the study area under the headings of use and activities, comfort and image, access and connections, sociability and sensory/perceptual evaluation. Thanks to the data obtained, both the usage patterns and the reasons for non-usage of Bankalar Street, depending on its formal characteristics, and therefore the social activities of the users in the area, their perceptual experiences, expectations and needs in the area were determined. The physical characteristics of the urban interfaces in the area defined on Ulus Bankalar Street were revealed and their functionality was questioned. The findings revealed that urban interfaces have the characteristics of being interfaces in terms of their physical features, but they fall short of containing publicity when their functional features are considered.
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Mimarlık, Architecture
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167