Çağdaş Gerçeklik Teknolojilerinin Mimari Anlatım ve Tasarımla Etkileşimi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
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Date
2023
Authors
Demir, Nilsu
Bican, Nezih Burak
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Teknoloji, insanın doğayla ilişkisini düzenleyen, farklı alanlardaki sorunları daha kısa ve verimli bir biçimde çözmesini sağlayan araç ve yöntemlerin bilgisini kapsar. Mimarlık alanı, çağlar boyunca kendi pratik ihtiyaçlarını çözümlemek üzere gelişmekte olan teknolojilerden yararlanmıştır. Parşömen, kâğıt gibi somut nesneler üzerine iki ve üç boyutlu el çizimleri ile başlayan bu ilişki, perspektif, fotoğraf, kolaj tekniklerinin gelişmesiyle artmış; geçen yüzyılın son çeyreğinde Bilgisayar Destekli Tasarım (CAD), sunum ve üretim yöntemlerinin gelişmesiyle karmaşık ama çok daha verimli bir seviyeye çıkmıştır. Yirmi birinci yüzyılda gelişen yeni 'gerçeklik' teknolojileri (AR, VR, MR, XR, vb.) sanal evrenlerin gelişmesine önayak olarak dünyada yeni iletişim ve ticaret ortamlarının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamış; mimarlık alanında da dönüştürücü etkiler yaratmıştır. Bu teknolojiler gerek mimarlık pratiğindeki gerekse mimarlık eğitimindeki araçları dönüştürürken mimarların tasarım ve iletişim yaklaşımlarında değişiklikleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, çağdaş gerçeklik teknolojileri ile mimarlık alanının ilişkisini anlamak üzere bir literatür taraması yapılmış, elde edilen veriler tarihi gelişim içerisinde düzenlenmiş; gerçeklik teknolojilerinin halen sürmekte olan dönüşümü nedeniyle internet tabanlı güncel web siteleri ve sosyal medya kaynaklarındaki bilgiler toplanmış; bu teknolojileri kullanan ve bu konuda araştırma yapan mimar ve akademisyenlerle yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla teknolojinin dünü, bugünü ve geleceği üzerine güncel düşünceler bir araya getirilmiş; MAXQDA programı ile gruplandırılarak analitik bir çerçeve elde edilmiştir. Konunun mimari pratik ve eğitim yönleriyle ele alınması, mimarlık alanının bu teknolojilerle olan güncel ve gelecek ilişkilerine dair yerel açılımların yer aldığı bir tartışmanın altlığını oluşturmuş; eleştirel bir değerlendirme ile bu teknolojilerin bir sonraki basamağında neler olacağı ön görülmeye çalışılmıştır.
Technology includes the knowledge of tools and methods that regulate man's relationship with nature and enable him to solve problems in different areas more quickly and efficiently. The field of architecture has benefited from emerging technologies to solve its practical needs throughout the ages. This relationship, which started with two- and three-dimensional hand drawings on concrete objects such as parchment and paper, increased with the development of perspective, photography, and collage techniques; In the last quarter of the last century, Computer Aided Design (CAD) has reached a complex but much more efficient level with the development of presentation and production methods. New 'reality' technologies (AR, VR, MR, XR, etc.) developing in the twenty-first century have led to the development of virtual universes and enabled the emergence of new communication and trade environments in the world; It has also created transformative effects in the field of architecture. While these technologies transform the tools in both architectural practice and architectural education, they also bring changes in architects' design and communication approaches. Within the scope of this study, a literature review was conducted to understand the relationship between contemporary reality technologies and the field of architecture, and the obtained data were arranged in historical development; Due to the ongoing transformation of reality technologies, information from current internet-based websites and social media sources was collected; Current thoughts on the past, present and future of technology were brought together through semi-structured interviews with architects and academics who use these technologies and conduct research on this subject; An analytical framework was obtained by grouping with the MAXQDA program. Addressing the issue from architectural practice and education aspects has formed the basis of a discussion that includes local expansions regarding the current and future relations of the field of architecture with these technologies; It has been tried to predict what will happen in the next step of these technologies through a critical evaluation.
Technology includes the knowledge of tools and methods that regulate man's relationship with nature and enable him to solve problems in different areas more quickly and efficiently. The field of architecture has benefited from emerging technologies to solve its practical needs throughout the ages. This relationship, which started with two- and three-dimensional hand drawings on concrete objects such as parchment and paper, increased with the development of perspective, photography, and collage techniques; In the last quarter of the last century, Computer Aided Design (CAD) has reached a complex but much more efficient level with the development of presentation and production methods. New 'reality' technologies (AR, VR, MR, XR, etc.) developing in the twenty-first century have led to the development of virtual universes and enabled the emergence of new communication and trade environments in the world; It has also created transformative effects in the field of architecture. While these technologies transform the tools in both architectural practice and architectural education, they also bring changes in architects' design and communication approaches. Within the scope of this study, a literature review was conducted to understand the relationship between contemporary reality technologies and the field of architecture, and the obtained data were arranged in historical development; Due to the ongoing transformation of reality technologies, information from current internet-based websites and social media sources was collected; Current thoughts on the past, present and future of technology were brought together through semi-structured interviews with architects and academics who use these technologies and conduct research on this subject; An analytical framework was obtained by grouping with the MAXQDA program. Addressing the issue from architectural practice and education aspects has formed the basis of a discussion that includes local expansions regarding the current and future relations of the field of architecture with these technologies; It has been tried to predict what will happen in the next step of these technologies through a critical evaluation.
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Mimarlık, Architecture
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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