Mitlerin feminist bir okuması: Margaret Atwood'un The Penelopiad'ı ile Ali Smith'in Girl Meets Boy romanları
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2024
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Yeniden yazım, yazarlar tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan bir tekniktir. Bu bağlamda Canongate yayınevi tanınmış yazarları, Homer'in The Odyssey'i ve Ovid'in Metamorphoses'i gibi klasik eserleri yeniden yazma ve yorumlamaya davet etmiştir. Bu seride Margaret Atwood, Odessa mitini, erkek egemen bakış açısını değiştirip, Penelope ve on iki hizmetçinin hikayesini öne çıkararak yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Benzer bir şekilde, Ali Smith, Girl Meets Boy adlı romanında Ovid'in Metamorphoses adlı eserinde geçen kız-erkek Iphis'in hikayesini yeniden işlemiştir. Atwood'un tersine, Smith halihazırda var olan toplumsal cinsiyet akışkanlığı sorununu derinlemesine yansıtmıştır. Iphis'in hikayesini modernize ederek, Smith 'toplumsal cinsiyet' kavramının zamansızlığını vurgulamıştır. Her iki yazar da ataerkil toplumlarda toplumsal cinsiyetin nasıl inşa edildiği ve mitlerde kadınların nasıl bastırıldığı, ihmal edildiği ve önemsenmedikleri gibi feminist kaygılar altında mit oluşturma ve mitleri yeniden yazmanın farklı noktalarını aktarmışlardır. Bu sebeple, bu tezin amacı bu mitleri yeniden yazan yazarların parodi, altüst etme ve pastiş gibi edebi araçlardan yararlanarak yeniden şekillendirdiği eserlerini incelemek ve çözümlemektir, aynı zamanda, eserlerde sunulan ana karakterler aracılığıyla bu yeniden yazımların kadınların özgürleşmesinin, özerkliğinin ve toplumsal cinsiyet akışkanlığının önemini temsil ettiği sonucuna varmaktır, bu karakterler; Penelope ve on iki hizmetçisi; Imogen ve Anthea'dır.
Rewriting is a technique which is widely used by authors. Their aims of using this technique may vary, however, the publishing house Canongate, invites to reinterpret and rewrite the myths embedded in canonical works, such as Homer's The Odyssey and Ovid's Metamorphoses. In this series, Margaret Atwood reshapes the myth of Odysseus by changing the male-dominant perspective and prioritising the story of Penelope and the twelve maids. Likewise, Ali Smith in her novel titled Girl Meets Boy reworks the story of the girl-boy Iphis who is a character in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Contrary to Atwood, Smith delves into the already existing issue of gender fluidity in Ovid's work. By modernising the story of Iphis, Smith emphasises the perennial significance of the term 'gender.' Both authors reflect to illustrate different points in mythmaking and rewriting the myths under feminist concerns such as how gender is constructed in patriarchal societies and how women are suppressed, neglected, and underestimated in myths. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to examine and explore the works reshaped by the authors who retell the stories by utilising literary tools such as intertextuality, parody, subversion, and pastiche, and to conclude that these rewritings represent the liberation of women and the importance of autonomy and gender fluidity through main characters presented in the works: Penelope and her twelve maids; Imogen and Anthea.
Rewriting is a technique which is widely used by authors. Their aims of using this technique may vary, however, the publishing house Canongate, invites to reinterpret and rewrite the myths embedded in canonical works, such as Homer's The Odyssey and Ovid's Metamorphoses. In this series, Margaret Atwood reshapes the myth of Odysseus by changing the male-dominant perspective and prioritising the story of Penelope and the twelve maids. Likewise, Ali Smith in her novel titled Girl Meets Boy reworks the story of the girl-boy Iphis who is a character in Ovid's Metamorphoses. Contrary to Atwood, Smith delves into the already existing issue of gender fluidity in Ovid's work. By modernising the story of Iphis, Smith emphasises the perennial significance of the term 'gender.' Both authors reflect to illustrate different points in mythmaking and rewriting the myths under feminist concerns such as how gender is constructed in patriarchal societies and how women are suppressed, neglected, and underestimated in myths. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to examine and explore the works reshaped by the authors who retell the stories by utilising literary tools such as intertextuality, parody, subversion, and pastiche, and to conclude that these rewritings represent the liberation of women and the importance of autonomy and gender fluidity through main characters presented in the works: Penelope and her twelve maids; Imogen and Anthea.
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İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, English Language and Literature
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84