İdari kolluk tarafından toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşü hakkının sınırlandırılması
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Date
2023
Authors
Günday, Metin
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Abstract
Demokratik rejimlerde, bireylerin ifade özgürlüğü ve toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşü hakları güvence altına alınmıştır. Bireyler bu haklarını kullanarak siyasi katılım sağlayabilir ve kamuoyu oluşturabilirler. Dolayısıyla toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşü hakkı demokrasilerin sağlıklı işlemesi ve bireylerin fikirlerini ifade edebilmeleri için vazgeçilmez ve etkili bir araçtır. Toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşlerinin söz konusu önemine rağmen idari kolluk tarafından bu toplanmalar düzen bozucu olarak görülmekte, çoğu zaman ya öncesinde ya da toplanma sırasında engellenmektedir. Halbuki idareye kolluk yetkilerinin verilmesinin sebebi, temel hak ve özgürlüklere engel olunması değil; kamu düzeninin sağlandığı bir ortamda temel hak ve özgürlüklerden herkesin yararlanmasıdır. Bu durum, idari kolluk için toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşü hakkına dair yükümlülükler doğurur. Dolayısıyla idari kolluk, müdahaleyi zorunlu kılan somut ve haklı bir nedenin mevcudiyeti halinde; kolluk yetkisinin sınırlarına ve hakka dair yükümlülüklerine uymak şartıyla toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşlerine müdahale edebilir. İdari kolluk, söz konusu hususlara uymadığı takdirde müdahale hukuka aykırı olur. Çalışma, iki bölümden oluşmakta olup ilk bölümde toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşünün ne olduğu, hakkın kapsamı ve sınırları ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise idarenin toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşü hakkına yönelik yükümlülükleri neler olduğu incelendikten sonra toplantı ve gösteri yürüyüşlerine müdahalenin biçimleri incelenmiştir.
In democratic regimes, individuals' freedom of expression and right to peaceful assembly protected. By enjoying rights aforementioned, individuals can participate in political life and create a public opinion of something. Hence, freedom of expression and right to peaceful assembly are effective and essential tools for democracies to function properly. Despite the value right to peaceful assembly holds, exercise of this right is often perceived as a breach of public order by administrative law enforcement forces, resulting in an interference of the right before or at the time of assembling. However, it should be noted that authorization of the administration with law enforcement duties is not intended to curtail rights and freedoms. Instead, the goal is to create an atmosphere of public order, ensuring that everyone can enjoy these fundamental rights and freedoms. Within this framework, it entails obligations regarding the right to peaceful assembly for administrative law enforcement. Therefore, administrative law enforcement can intervene assemblies only in the presence of a concrete and justifiable reason that necessitates intervention, while adhering to the limits of law enforcement authority and obligations related to the right. If administrative law enforcement does not follow to these principles, any intervention would be considered unlawful. This study is made up of two sections. The first section examines the definition, the scope and the limits of right to peaceful assembly. The second section investigates the forms of intervention on assemblies, following the examination of the obligations of the administration regarding the right to peaceful assembly.
In democratic regimes, individuals' freedom of expression and right to peaceful assembly protected. By enjoying rights aforementioned, individuals can participate in political life and create a public opinion of something. Hence, freedom of expression and right to peaceful assembly are effective and essential tools for democracies to function properly. Despite the value right to peaceful assembly holds, exercise of this right is often perceived as a breach of public order by administrative law enforcement forces, resulting in an interference of the right before or at the time of assembling. However, it should be noted that authorization of the administration with law enforcement duties is not intended to curtail rights and freedoms. Instead, the goal is to create an atmosphere of public order, ensuring that everyone can enjoy these fundamental rights and freedoms. Within this framework, it entails obligations regarding the right to peaceful assembly for administrative law enforcement. Therefore, administrative law enforcement can intervene assemblies only in the presence of a concrete and justifiable reason that necessitates intervention, while adhering to the limits of law enforcement authority and obligations related to the right. If administrative law enforcement does not follow to these principles, any intervention would be considered unlawful. This study is made up of two sections. The first section examines the definition, the scope and the limits of right to peaceful assembly. The second section investigates the forms of intervention on assemblies, following the examination of the obligations of the administration regarding the right to peaceful assembly.
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Hukuk, Law
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