Türkiye'de liberalizm (1980-1999): Neo-liberal politikaların Türk politik-ekonomisine etkileri

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2013

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Department of Public Administration and Political Science
The graduate programs offered by our department includes a master program and a PhD program in Political Science and Public Administration. Master program includes thesis and non-thesis options. The overall aim of our graduate programs is to prepare students for specialization in Political Science and Public Administration. The curricula of our programs are carefully designed to achieve this aim. All programs offered by our department are supported by our highly qualified departmental faculty members. Our master programs provide students with both practical skills and sound theoretical knowledge. They also provide students with good understanding of Turkish and World politics and administration. While the non-thesis studens will conduct a project, the thesis students will conduct a larger research and write a thesis. Our PhD program prepares students for academic careers in political science and public administration. The program is designed to provide students with substantive theoretical knowledge and research skills. It helps students to develop analytical skills and critical thinking. It also helps students to specialize in at least one sub-field of political science and public administration and to produce not only a PhD thesis but also scholarly articles and books.

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Bütün Dünya Devletlerini etkisi altında bırakan liberalizm, 20. Yüzyılda dünya krizine girilmesiyle, müdahaleci devlet politikasını ortaya çıkarmış, devletin iktisadi ve siyasi alanlarda kendini yeniden yapılandırması gereksinimini doğurmuştur. Türkiye'de de 1970 yılına kadar uygulanan devletçilik politikası, enflasyon, döviz darboğazı, terör olayları, işçi olayları ve siyasi istikrarsızlıkların yaşanmasının ardından ülkenin daha da kötüye gitmesi, siyasi ve ekonomik alanlarda yeniden yapılandırılma gereksinimini doğurmuştur. Türkiye'de yaşanan siyasi istikrarsızlık ve toplumsal sorunların ekonomiyle birleşmesi, 1980 sonrası neo-liberal dönüşümü getirmiştir. Bu döneme kadar, liberalizmin etkili olamamasının nedeni ise, liberalizme yönelik girişimlerin, iktidar grupları ile örtüşememesi, oluşturulan liberal yapının Türkiye'deki siyasi ve ekonomik politikaların uygulanmasını tam anlamıyla gerçekleştirememesidir. Bu da ülkeyi daha zor duruma sokmuştur. Türkiye'de neo-liberal dönüşümün figürü olan Turgut Özal'la uygulanan 24 Ocak kararları ile Türk politik ekonomisinde tarihe geçen kararlar alınmış ve liberalleşme ekseninde yapısal dönüşüm sağlanmıştır. Bu dönüşüm 12 Eylül askeri darbesiyle uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Turgut Özal'la gerçekleştirilen neo-liberal politikalar ile ekonomi dış rekabete açılmış, özelleştirmeler yapılmış ve devlet küçültülmüştür. Bu durum ilk süreçte olumlu sonuçlar göstermesine rağmen, gerekli sosyal, siyasal alt yapı oluşturulmadan uygulanmak istendiğinden sonraki dönemlerde olumsuz sonuçların yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler 1. Neo-liberalizm 2. Turgut Özal 3. 24 Ocak Kararları 4. 12 Eylül 4. Avrupa Birliği
All world government that liberalism, when the crisis emerged, interfering with the government understanding of the 20th century. The results of government policies has emerged from the economic and political reconstruction. This process Turkey led to the economic crisis, political and social problems. This issues, inflation, foreign Exchange bottleneck, terrorist incidents, employee events and political inability. This process has led to further worsening of Turkey. After 1980, Turkey political instability and social problems in the economy have made the transformation of neo-liberal. The reason for this period made in the direction of liberalism; liberalism effective interventions, the ruling group in politics and the liberal structure of nonoverlapping, the implementation of economic policies more difficult situation the country died. The figure of the neo liberal transformation in Turkey is Turgut Ozal on 24 January with the history and the economy of the Turkish political liberalization with decisions on the axis of the transformation. This transformation has found application to the military coup on September 12.Turgut Ozal in the neo liberal policies carried out with foreign competition opened the economy, with customizations were made and Government has decreased. This is the first positive results in the process, although the social, political, infrastructure can be built next to the desired periods of negative results be applied has been inflicted. Key Words 1. Neo-liberalism 2. Turgut Özal 3. Decisions of 24 January 4. 12 September 5. European Union

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Ekonomi, Siyasal Bilimler, 24 Ocak 1980 kararları, Economics, Political Science, Anavatan Partisi, 24 January 1980 decisions, Liberalizm, Anavatan Party, Liberalism, Neo-liberalizm, Neo-liberalism

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148