1990-2019 döneminde Afganistan ve Pakistan siyasi ilişkileri
Loading...
Date
2020
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
İkinci Dünya savaşının ardından 1947 yılında Hindistanla birlikte bağımsızlığına kavuşan Pakistan'ın, doğuşundan itibaren Afganistan ile ilişkileri Durand Sınır Hattı ve Peştunistan meselesi yüzünden ihtilaflıdır. Bu sorunlar uzun süre iki ülke arasında gerginliklere neden olmuş ve zaman zaman çatışmalar da yaşanmıştır. Sınır sorunu, Afganistan ve Pakistan arasındaki ilişkilerde sorunların ana kaynağını oluşturmakla birlikte, terörizm, çatışma ve istikrarsızlık gibi bölge güvenliği ve uluslararası güvenlik bağlamında önem arz eden önemli meselelerin de temelini teşkil etmektedir. Günümüzde Durand Hattı adıyla bilinen iki ülke sınırı, her ne kadar uluslararası camiada Pakistan ile Afganistan arasındaki resmi sınırı olarak kabul edilmekte ise de, Afganistan bu konuda resmi bir tutum ortaya koymuştur. Bu sınır, Kral Zahir Şah'tan itibaren bugüne kadar iktidara gelen yöneticilerin hiçbiri tarafından tanınmamıştır. Karzai yönetimi de söz konusu sınır hattını tanımamaktadır. Pakistan'ın kuruluş döneminde Afganistan tarafından ortaya atılıp günümüze kadar 'taviz verilmez' bir iddia olarak gündemdeki yerini koruyan Peştunistan meselesi de, Pakistan açısından ciddi bir tehdit olarak algılanmaktadır. Bu nedenle daha önceki dönemlerde olduğu gibi Karzai döneminde de Afganistan Pakistan ilişkilerinin daha çok bu eksende gelişmektedir. Afganistan-Pakistan ilişkileri Taliban sorunu yüzünden gerginleştiğinde, üçüncü bir ülkenin girişimleri ile İki ülke liderleri, bir araya gelip, dostluk mesajları vererek bölgesel güvenlik açısından iki ülkenin 'işbirliği' içinde hareket etmelerinin önemini vurgulasalar da, bu ülkelerin birbirine karşı 'düşmanca' tavırları esas itibariyle değişmemiştir. 2001-2014 yıllar arasında iki ülke ilişkileri gerginliklerle devam etmesine rağmen karşılıklı ziyaretler de olmuştur. Karzai, 14 yıllık hükümet süresi dönemindeki güvenlik sorunları nedeniyle, özellikle de Taliban'la müzakere konusunda destek almak için 21 kez Pakistan'ı ziyaret etmiştir. Fakat tüm bu ziyaretlere rağmen Karzai, Pakistan'ı güvenlik sorunlarını çözmek ve Taliban'ı müzakere masasına oturtmak için ikna edememiştir. İki ülke ilişkilerinde Durand hattı, Peştunistan ve Taliban sorunları varlığını korumaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Afganistan, Pakistan, Taliban
Pakistan, which gained its independence with India in 1947 after the Second World War, is controversial due to the Durand Borderline and the Pashtunistan issue related to Afghanistan. This problem has caused tensions between the two countries for a long time and conflicts have occurred from time to time. The border issue is the main source of problems in relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan, but it also includes the key issues of regional security and international security, such as terrorism, conflict and instability. Today, the borders of the two countries known as the 'Durand Line' are accepted as the official border between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the international community, but Afghanistan has taken a formal attitude in this regard. This limit has not been recognized by any of the rulers who have come to power since King Zahir Shah. Karzai administration does not know the border line in question. The issue of Pashtounistan, which was put forward by Afghanistan during the establishment period of Pakistan and preserved its place on the agenda as a 'no compromise' claim, is perceived as a serious threat for Pakistan. For this reason, as in the previous periods, the relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan are developing in this axis in Karzai period. When Afghanistan-Pakistan relations become tense because of the Taliban issue, the initiatives of a third country and the leaders of the two countries, while emphasizing the importance of the two countries to act in 'cooperation' in terms of regional security, by giving messages of friendship, their 'hostile' attitudes towards each other It has not changed. Although the relations between the two countries continued with tensions between 2001-2014, there were also mutual visits. Karzai has visited Pakistan 21 times for security issues over the 14-year government period, especially to get support for negotiating with the Taliban. However, despite all these visits, Karzai was unable to persuade Pakistan to solve security problems and put the Taliban on the negotiating table. Durand line, Pashtunistan and Taliban problems remain in the relations between the two countries. Keyword: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Taliban
Pakistan, which gained its independence with India in 1947 after the Second World War, is controversial due to the Durand Borderline and the Pashtunistan issue related to Afghanistan. This problem has caused tensions between the two countries for a long time and conflicts have occurred from time to time. The border issue is the main source of problems in relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan, but it also includes the key issues of regional security and international security, such as terrorism, conflict and instability. Today, the borders of the two countries known as the 'Durand Line' are accepted as the official border between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the international community, but Afghanistan has taken a formal attitude in this regard. This limit has not been recognized by any of the rulers who have come to power since King Zahir Shah. Karzai administration does not know the border line in question. The issue of Pashtounistan, which was put forward by Afghanistan during the establishment period of Pakistan and preserved its place on the agenda as a 'no compromise' claim, is perceived as a serious threat for Pakistan. For this reason, as in the previous periods, the relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan are developing in this axis in Karzai period. When Afghanistan-Pakistan relations become tense because of the Taliban issue, the initiatives of a third country and the leaders of the two countries, while emphasizing the importance of the two countries to act in 'cooperation' in terms of regional security, by giving messages of friendship, their 'hostile' attitudes towards each other It has not changed. Although the relations between the two countries continued with tensions between 2001-2014, there were also mutual visits. Karzai has visited Pakistan 21 times for security issues over the 14-year government period, especially to get support for negotiating with the Taliban. However, despite all these visits, Karzai was unable to persuade Pakistan to solve security problems and put the Taliban on the negotiating table. Durand line, Pashtunistan and Taliban problems remain in the relations between the two countries. Keyword: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Taliban
Description
Keywords
Kamu Yönetimi, Uluslararası İlişkiler, Afganistan, Public Administration, Pakistan, International Relations, Afghanistan, Siyasi ilişkiler, Pakistan, Taliban, Political relations, Taliban, Uluslararası ilişkiler, International relations
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
0
End Page
104