Turizm işletmelerinde bir kârlılık analizi yöntemi olarak faaliyet kârı akımı metodunun karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2023
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Bu çalışma, İngilizce literatürde 'GOP Flow Through/ Flow Through/ Flow Thru' gibi tanımlarla geçen faaliyet kârı akımı metodunu, uluslararası zincir otelcilik yönetim şirketleri bünyesinde ve şehir oteli konseptinde hizmet veren örnek işletmelere ait, USALI formatında hazırlanmış varsayımsal gelir tabloları üzerinden uygulamalı örneklerle açıklamaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda, karar alıcıların ve araştırmacıların metot hakkında akademik düzeyde bilgi sahibi olmaları, yöntemi alanlarında uygulamaları ve alana özel gereksinimleri doğrultusunda metodu revize edebilecek derecede bilgi sahibi olmaları amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, formülün yoğunlukla literatüre ve yer yer sektörde edinilmiş kişisel bilgi birikimine dayandırılarak oluşturulmasını takiben uygulama; otellere ait gelir ve gider tabloları üzerinden, sektörel ölçütlere dayandırılmış biçimde ve olay çalışması yöntemiyle işlenmiş, açıklanmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan örnek uygulamaların sonucunda geleneksel bakış açısı olan 'en yüksek kâr her zaman en iyisidir' yaklaşımına karşın verimlilik esaslı yönetim test edilmiştir. Bu görüş de kârların kalitesi kavramı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Yüksek kaliteli kâr; devamlılık arz eden ve sürdürülebilir kârdır. Buna paralel olarak, geleneksel yaklaşımla incelendiğinde tatminkâr düzeyde iktisadi sonuçlara sahip bir iştirakin, faaliyet kârı esasıyla incelendiğinde gözden kaçırdığı kritik zaaflarının olabileceği tespit edilerek yüksek verimliliğin yüksek kâra; gelir/ gider yönetiminde birim bazlı değerlendirmenin, topyekûn ve tekdüze kârlılık arayışına tercih edilmesi gerekliliği formülün uygulanması sonucunda ulaşılan temel bulgulardan bazıları olmuştur. Uygulamada, varsayımsal veya gerçekleşmiş mali verilerin uyarlanarak aktarılması, konunun özü ve inceleme alanı ile ilgili olumsuzluk doğurmamaktadır. Otellerin mali gizlilik prensip ve prosedürlerinden dolayı veri paylaşmamasına karşın metodun 'yüksek oranda gerçeklik' ve 'geniş çapta uygulanabilirlik' hassasiyeti gözetilerek aktarılmak istenmesi ve nihayetinde turizm finansı konusunda yazılan bu akademik metnin sektöre de yeterli düzeyde katkı sağlaması adına çalışmada, araştırmacının otelcilik finansı alanındaki geçmiş sektör tecrübelerinden faydalanılmış, araştırmacı; incelediği kaynaklarda karşılaştığı mali verileri konaklama endüstrisinin dinamiklerine uygun olarak kurgulamış ve incelemiştir.
This research aims to elucidate the activity profit flow method, commonly referred to as 'GOP Flow Through/ Flow Thru' in the literature, through examples constructed using hypothetical income statements in USALI format. The examples pertain to businesses operating within international chain hotel management firms and the city hotel model. The primary objective of this study is to equip decision makers and researchers with academic knowledge about the method, enabling its practical application in their respective fields. Furthermore, it aims to provide a foundation for potential revisions to align the method with specific needs in the domain of tourism enterprises. The study draws heavily from existing literature, supplemented by occasional insights from sectoral experience. A formula was formulated based on this research, and it was subsequently applied, processed, explained, and interpreted using sectoral criteria and a case study methodology. The income and expense statements of hypothetical hotels served as the basis for this analysis. The results of the case studies compare the efficiency-based management paradigm against the traditional belief that 'highest profit is always best,' which is associated with the concept of quality of profits. The study emphasizes the importance of high-quality profits, which signify continual and sustainable profitability. Notably, the findings indicate that analyzing a subsidiary through conventional approaches may mask critical weaknesses, which can be revealed through operating profit analysis. Consequently, the study suggests prioritizing high efficiency over high profit and favoring unit-based evaluation in income/expense management instead of uniform profitability. In practice, the adaptation and utilization of hypothetical or actual financial data does not compromise the essence or scope of inquiry. Despite hotels' reluctance to share data due to financial confidentiality, the study effectively conveys the method's precision and wide applicability. To ensure its contribution to the sector, the researcher relied on past sectoral experience in hospitality finance, coupled with the construction and analysis of financial data encountered in the dynamics of the accommodation industry. Overall, this academic research serves as a valuable resource for decision makers and researchers seeking to understand and apply the activity profit flow method in the context of tourism enterprises.
This research aims to elucidate the activity profit flow method, commonly referred to as 'GOP Flow Through/ Flow Thru' in the literature, through examples constructed using hypothetical income statements in USALI format. The examples pertain to businesses operating within international chain hotel management firms and the city hotel model. The primary objective of this study is to equip decision makers and researchers with academic knowledge about the method, enabling its practical application in their respective fields. Furthermore, it aims to provide a foundation for potential revisions to align the method with specific needs in the domain of tourism enterprises. The study draws heavily from existing literature, supplemented by occasional insights from sectoral experience. A formula was formulated based on this research, and it was subsequently applied, processed, explained, and interpreted using sectoral criteria and a case study methodology. The income and expense statements of hypothetical hotels served as the basis for this analysis. The results of the case studies compare the efficiency-based management paradigm against the traditional belief that 'highest profit is always best,' which is associated with the concept of quality of profits. The study emphasizes the importance of high-quality profits, which signify continual and sustainable profitability. Notably, the findings indicate that analyzing a subsidiary through conventional approaches may mask critical weaknesses, which can be revealed through operating profit analysis. Consequently, the study suggests prioritizing high efficiency over high profit and favoring unit-based evaluation in income/expense management instead of uniform profitability. In practice, the adaptation and utilization of hypothetical or actual financial data does not compromise the essence or scope of inquiry. Despite hotels' reluctance to share data due to financial confidentiality, the study effectively conveys the method's precision and wide applicability. To ensure its contribution to the sector, the researcher relied on past sectoral experience in hospitality finance, coupled with the construction and analysis of financial data encountered in the dynamics of the accommodation industry. Overall, this academic research serves as a valuable resource for decision makers and researchers seeking to understand and apply the activity profit flow method in the context of tourism enterprises.
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Maliye, Turizm, İşletme, Beş yıldızlı oteller, Büyük ve orta boy işletmeler için finansal raporlama standardı, Deneysel finans, Finance, Tourism, Konsolide finansal tablolar, Business Administration, Five star hotels, Kısa süreli konaklama, Financial reporting standard for large and medium size enterprises, Otel endüstrisi, Experimental finance, Consolidated financal tables, Otel hizmetleri, Short term accommodation, Hotel industry, Proforma finansal tablolar, Hotel services, Türk muhasebe teorisi, Proforma financial tables, Turkish accounting theory, Yönetim muhasebesi, Management accounting
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