Kureishi'nin the Buddha of Suburbia Ve Hamid'in the Reluctant Fundamentalist Adlı Eserlerinde Melez Kimlikler

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2021

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Department of English Language and Literature
(1997)
Founded in 1997, the Department of English Language and Literature is one of the first Departments of Atılım University. Through the graduate and doctorate degree programs in addition to the undergraduate program, the Department raises students and academicians. At the Department of English Language and Literature, we aim to graduate students who have studied and learned the English language and literature at an advanced level and developed the skill to produce ideas; as well as the ability to do analyses and academic research on literature. In addition to granting our students with the opportunity to develop their backgrounds in general culture, the education that we offer contributes to their interest and knowledge in contemporary and current issues. Accredited for 5 years from February 24th 2019 by FEDEK, our undergraduate program grants our students the opportunity to join Double-Major or Minor programs in Translation and Interpretation, and International Relations. Another option for the students of our Department is the Erasmus Exchange Program.

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Bu tez, The Buddha of Suburbia (1990) ve The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) adlı romanlarda, yirminci ve yirmi birinci yüzyılda göçmen olarak kabul edilen, iki kahraman Kerim ve Changez'i, incelemektedir. Çalışma, Homi Bhabha, Søren Frank, Stuart Hall ve diğer önemli yazarlar tarafından tartışılan melezlik teorisini kullanarak, iki kahramanın; ev sahibi kültürlerdeki yolculuklarında göçmen olarak değişimlerini incelemektedir; Karim için melez bir vatandaş olarak ev sahibi olan ülke İngiltere'dir; Pakistanlı Changez'in ise melez bir vatandaş olarak ona ev sahibi olan ülke Amerika'dır. Dahası, her iki romandaki kadın karakterler; Jamila, Elanor ve diğer karakterler, Karim ve Changez'in hayatında önemli bir rol oynar. The Buddha of Suburbia'nın anlatıcısı, Karim, bir yeniyetmeden yirmi yaşındaki bir yetişkin olurken, farklı kimlik değişimlerinden geçer. Romanın başında, kendisini neredeyse bir İngiliz olarak tanımlar; sadece siyah tenli, koyu saçlı bir İngiliz vatandaşıdır, bu garip kan karışımı onun üçüncü alanını oluşturur. Karim aidiyet ve ait olmama duygusuna sıkışıp kalmış, Hint görünümü, geleneği ve yemekleri ve İngiliz toplumuna kabul olma arzusuyla melez bir alanda, ara yerde yaşamaktadır. Öte yandan, The Reluctant Fundamentalist'in kahramanı Changez, Karim'e benzemektedir. Roman bir günde anlatılsa da, okuyucu Changez'in karakterini ve yaşadığı değişiklikleri anıları üzerinden görebilmektedir. Bir göçmen olarak Changez farklı biçimlerde acı çeker; bir tarafta kişisel düzeyde cinsel bir sorundan, diğer tarafta ise esasen 11 Eylül saldırılarından sonra toplumsal ve siyasal düzeyde arada kalmışlık, ırkçılık ve ayrımcılıkla mücadele eder. Bu çalışma, göçmenlerin ve ailelerinin ev sahibi ülkelerde yaşarken karşılaştıkları zorlukları tasvir etmektedir. Göçmen karakterler, her iki şekilde de karşılaştıkları durumla başa çıkarlar; acı çekerek ve acı verici bir deneyim yaşayarak veya deneyimi üretken bir deneyim olarak kabul ederek; her iki deneyimde de, göçmen kimliği tamamen değişmektedir.
This thesis examines the two protagonists of the selected novels The Buddha of Suburbia (1990) and The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) Karim and Changez, respectively, are considered immigrants or sons of immigrants in the twentieth and the twenty-first century. The study uses the theory of hybridity, discussed by Homi Bhabha, Søren Frank, Stuart Hall and other important theorists, to examine the two protagonists' changes as immigrants through their journey in the host cultures; England and America, Karim as a hybrid citizen; half Indian half English and the Pakistani Changez as a culturally hybrid citizen. The two characters are similar and distinct in certain attributes as shown in this study. For instance, both characters are immigrants or sons of an immigrant from South-Asia countries, they go through many changes on different levels; socially, psychologically, and mentally. Thus, their identities change due to their exposure to another culture, resulting in clashes; however, their way of dealing with these changes differs. Moreover, the female characters in both novels; Jamila, Elanor and other characters play an essential role in the lives of the protagonists; Karim and Changez. Karim, the narrator of The Buddha of Suburbia, while he grows up from a teenager to an early twenty-year-old adult, goes through different identity changes. At the beginning of the novel, he describes himself as almost Englishman; he is a British citizen only with dark skin and dark hair, this odd mixture of blood creates his third space. Karim is stuck in the sense of belonging and not belonging, he lives in-betweenness, in a hybrid space by his Indian appearance, tradition, and food, and his desire to be accepted into the British society. All these affect his social life, his sexual experiences; he becomes sexually fluid, and his career as an actor. On the other hand, Changez, the protagonist of The Reluctant Fundamentalist, is similar to Karim. The novel does not have a chronological order and it is narrated in one day, however, the reader can detect Changez's character and the changes he experiences through his memories. Changez, a Pakistani Princeton University student, leads a double life in America, starting as a foreign student and then as an employee in a pioneering company where the world future leaders work. Changez as an immigrant suffers in different ways; on one side, he struggles from a sexual problem on a personal level, and on the other side, in-betweenness, racism, and discrimination on social and political levels mainly after the 9/11 attacks. Thus, this study portrays the difficulties the migrants and their families face while living in the host countries. Those migrant characters, according to Frank, cope with the difficulties they face in either way; suffering and living a painful experience or become hybrids and accept the experience as a productive one; in both experiences, the migrant identity changes utterly.

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İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, Göçler, Göçmenler, English Linguistics and Literature, Migrations, Kimlik, Emigrants, Melez, Identity, Hybrid, Roman, Novel

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103