Parlamenter Hükümet Sistemi ile Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi, Yasama ve Yürütme Açısından Karşılaştırılması
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2020
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Ülkemizde yıllardır uygulanan parlamenter hükümet sisteminin kaldırılarak yerine Başkanlık hükümet sisteminin getirilmesi düşüncesi birçok lider tarafından gündeme getirilmiş ve yıllarca tartışma konusu olmuştur. Bu tartışmaların sebebi ise Parlamenter hükümet sisteminde yaşanan tıkanmalar, siyasi krizler ve kısa süreli hükümetlerin olmasıdır. Birçok hükümet tarafından, yaşanan bu krizlere çözüm aranırken yeni düzenlemeler yapılmış ve kalıcı çözümler bulunamamıştır. 21 Ocak 2017 tarihli ve 6771 sayılı kanunla kabul edilen Anayasa'da değişiklik yapılmasına dair kanun, Cumhurbaşkanı tarafından 11 Şubat 2017 tarihinde Resmi Gazete 'de yayımlanıp, 16 Nisan 2017 tarihinde halk oylamasına sunularak yürürlüğe girmiştir. Bu değişikle ülkemiz, yeni yönetim şekli olan Cumhurbaşkanlığı hükümet sistemine geçiş yapmıştır. Yapılan bu değişikler sonrasında yürürlüğe giren yeni yönetim sistemine özellikle ana muhalefet tarafından ciddi eleştiriler yapılmaktadır. Anayasa değişikliği yapıldıktan sonraki 24 Haziran 2018 seçimleri öncesinde muhalefet tarafından sürekli olarak dile getirilen ve seçim vaadi olarak da lanse edilen 'eski sisteme dönüş' gereklimi? Yoksa mevcut kabul edilen Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminde mi kalmalı? Sisteme dair yapılan eleştiriler nezdinde Avantaj ve dezavantajlarıyla iki sistem ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca sisteme yönelik yapılan eleştirilere bazı önerilerde bulunulacaktır.
The idea of abolishing a parliamentary government system, which has been implemented for so many years in Turkey, and using the presidential government system instead has been brought into the agenda by many political leaders and discussed for a long time. The reason behind these discussions is the obstructions faced by the system, political crisis, and relatively short-lived governments. Although many governments have tried to find solutions to these crises, none of them has been able to find a long-lasting solution yet. The law enforcing an amendment in the constitution, dated 21 January 2017 and numbered 6771, was issued in the official gazette by the presidency on 11 February 2017 and come into force on 16 April 2017 after a referendum. Our country has been shifted to a new regime, namely the presidential government system, with this amendment. The new regime, come into force after the amendments, has been harshly criticized by the main opposition party. Is it necessary to revoke the new regime and turn back to the previously enforced parliamentary government system, which frequently found a voice in opposition's election campaign before the election dated 24 June 2018, held shortly after the amendments made in the constitution? If not, should we proceed with the current status quo, presidential government system? This study will explore the advantages and disadvantages of these two different systems based on the critiques directed to the system. Also, some suggestions will be provided as a response to these critiques.
The idea of abolishing a parliamentary government system, which has been implemented for so many years in Turkey, and using the presidential government system instead has been brought into the agenda by many political leaders and discussed for a long time. The reason behind these discussions is the obstructions faced by the system, political crisis, and relatively short-lived governments. Although many governments have tried to find solutions to these crises, none of them has been able to find a long-lasting solution yet. The law enforcing an amendment in the constitution, dated 21 January 2017 and numbered 6771, was issued in the official gazette by the presidency on 11 February 2017 and come into force on 16 April 2017 after a referendum. Our country has been shifted to a new regime, namely the presidential government system, with this amendment. The new regime, come into force after the amendments, has been harshly criticized by the main opposition party. Is it necessary to revoke the new regime and turn back to the previously enforced parliamentary government system, which frequently found a voice in opposition's election campaign before the election dated 24 June 2018, held shortly after the amendments made in the constitution? If not, should we proceed with the current status quo, presidential government system? This study will explore the advantages and disadvantages of these two different systems based on the critiques directed to the system. Also, some suggestions will be provided as a response to these critiques.
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Kamu Yönetimi, Siyasal Bilimler, Anayasa değişiklikleri, Public Administration, Cumhurbaşkanlığı hükümet sistemi, Political Science, Hükümet sistemi, Constitutional amendments, Presidential government system, Parlamenter hükümet sistemi, Government system
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