Jack Kerouac'ın Yolda adlı eserinin Türkçe çevirilerinde sansür üzerine betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı çalışma

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2020

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English Translation and Interpretation
(2001)
Since 2001, our Department has offered education at an extent that matches the similar Departments of European Universities, with a program that involves theoretical and practical courses within the frameworks of translation and interpretation. The goals that we aim our students to reach involve the utilization of knowledge, behaviors and equipment, interpersonal operation in interpretation, the management of the process of production, expertise in language skills with respect to fields and general culture, and access to information. Our students have no difficulty in being hired upon graduation, having gained an awareness regarding the expectations and the conditions of the professional life through our strong cooperation with the national and the international sector. With French and Russian courses offered for 4 years, our students steal the spotlight in the market, having obtained a C-Language Certificate. Our graduates are employed as freelance interpreters, institution interpreters, regulators as multi-layered language experts, terminology experts, subtitle experts and web localization experts.

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Bu tezin amacı, Jack Kerouac'ın Yolda (1951) adlı eserinin Türkçe çevirilerinde sansürlü bölümleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu tezde, normlar, değerler, ideolojiler ve güç ilişkileri gibi sosyokültürel yapıların yanı sıra yayımcılar, çevirmenler, editörler ve hedef okuyucu kitlesi gibi aktörleri göz önünde bulundurarak Betimleyici-Açıklayıcı Çeviri Çalışmalarından, Toury'nin Norm Teorisi'nden ve Andre Lefevere'in 'Yeniden Yazma' teorisinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu tezin vaka çalışması olarak Jack Kerouac'ın Yolda eseri seçilmiştir çünkü eser hem Amerika'da hem Türkiye'de hedef okuyuculara uygun hale getirmek için sansürlenmiştir. Yolda'nın orijinalinden ve iki farklı Türkçe çevirisinden rasgele seçilen elli örnek analiz edilmiştir. Kelimelerin, cümlelerin ve paragrafların sansür analizi, çıkarma, ekleme, silme ve yeniden yazma olmak üzere dört kategori altında yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, 1993 yılında çevrilen eserin 2019 çevirisine oranla çok daha fazla sansürlendiğini gösteriyor. Yolda eserinde, incelenen bölümlerde sansür stratejisi olarak silmenin diğer üç stratejiye oranla çok daha fazla uygulandığı ortaya çıkıyor. Çeviri sürecinde aktörlerin bakış açılarının ve normlar, değerler ve ideolojiler gibi sosyokültürel yapıların hem kaynak hem de hedef dilde yapılan sansürlerde büyük etkisi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Çeviri Stratejileri, Sansür, Jack Kerouac, Yolda, Amerikan Edebiyatı
This study aims to reveal the parts censored in the Turkish translations of Jack Kerouac's On The Road (1951). In this study, it is benefited from Descriptive Explanatory Translation Studies (DETS), Toury's Norms, and Andre Lefevere's 'Translation as Rewriting' by taking into consideration the agents like publishers, translators, editors, and target readers as well as sociocultural structures such as norms, values, ideologies and power relations. Jack Kerouac's On The Road is selected as the case study of this thesis because the novel is censored both in America and Turkey to make the novel appropriate for the target readers. The fifty examples which are arbitrarily chosen from the original scroll of On The Road and two different Turkish translations are analyzed. The censorship analysis of the words, sentences, and paragraphs is conducted under the four categories which are omission, addition, deletion, and rewriting. The results demonstrate that, the novel translated into Turkish in 1993, has censorship more than the 2019 translation. It is revealed that in the investigated parts, the deletion as a strategy to censor in On The Road is applied more than the other three strategies. The agents' perspectives, and the sociocultural structures such as norms, values and ideologies throughout the translation periods are observed to have a big influence on the censorship which is applied to both source and target language. Keywords: Translation Strategies, Censorship, Jack Kerouac, On The Road, American Literature

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Amerikan Kültürü ve Edebiyatı, Mütercim-Tercümanlık, Amerikan edebiyatı, American Culture and Literature, Kerouac, Jack, Translation and Interpretation, American literature, Sansür, Kerouac, Jack, Türkçe çeviri, Censorship, Turkish translation, Çeviri, Translation

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115