Julian Barnes'ın Flaubert's Parrot, a History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters ve the Sense of an Ending eserlerinde tarih boyunca gerçekliğin ifadesi
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2021
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Bu tezin amacı, Julian Barnes'ın kişisel, biyografik ve resmi tarihleri içeren eserleriyle, gerçek ve kurgu arasındaki çizgileri bulanıklaştırarak tarih boyunca gerçeğin ifadesini sunmaktır. Barnes postmodern edebiyat dünyasında hayli dikkat çekici yazarlardan biridir ve üç tarih dalında, gerçekliğin ifadesini postmodern bir bakış açısıyla geçmişi irdeleyerek sorunsallaştırmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Barnes'ın Flaubert's Parrot biyografik tarih örneği olarak incelenmiştir, A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters adlı eseri ise resmi tarih örneği olarak analiz edilmiştir ve son olarak The Sense of an Ending adlı eseri kişisel tarihin bir örneği olarak tartışılmıştır. Bu tez, tarihin üç alt türünü analiz ederek, tarih veya geçmişte gerçeğin ne kadar güvenilmez, sorgulanabilir ve öznel olduğunu göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Barnes'ın bir dal olarak tarihe ironik bir yaklaşımı vardır ve üç romanında da tarihin/geçmişin geçerliliğini ve tarafsızlığını sorgulamaktadır. Tarihin üç dalından örnekler vererek, kişi geçmişi bireysel olarak da deneyimlese, tarih resmi kitaplarda yazılı da olsa, tarihin arkasında dini bir inanç da yatsa, geçmişte yaşananlara dair somut bir delil olmadığını iddia etmektedir. Biyografik, kişisel ve resmi tarihlerin özelliklerine işaret etmek için, bu tezde postmodernizmin onları nasıl sorunsallaştırdığına ve Julian Barnes'ın tarihi/geçmişi anlatırken postmodernizmin araçları olarak tarihsel üstkurmaca ve parodi üzerine Hutcheon'ın görüşlerini nasıl kullandığına işaret edilmiştir.
The aim of this dissertation is to present the expression of truth throughout history with the help of Julian Barnes's works which include personal, biographical and official histories by blurring the lines between fact and fiction. Barnes is one of the remarkable postmodern writers and he problematizes the expression of truth in the three branches of history by discussing them through a postmodern perspective and its way to question the past. In this study, Barnes's Flaubert's Parrot has been explored as a work of biographical history; his A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters has been discussed as a work of official history; and finally The Sense of an Ending has been analysed as a work of personal history. Hence, the dissertation aims to show how truth in history or the past is unreliable, questionable and subjective by analysing three sub-genres of history. Barnes has an ironic attitude to history as a branch. In his three novels, he questions the validity and objectivity of history/the past. By giving examples of three branches of history, he claims that there is not a concrete evidence about what happened in the past even though the person experienced it individually, written in historical books or there is a religious belief behind it. To point out the characteristics of biographical, personal and official histories, in this dissertation it has been pointed out how postmodernism problematizes them and how Julian Barnes uses Hutcheon's arguments on historiographic metafiction and parody as tools of postmodernism when he narrates history/the past.
The aim of this dissertation is to present the expression of truth throughout history with the help of Julian Barnes's works which include personal, biographical and official histories by blurring the lines between fact and fiction. Barnes is one of the remarkable postmodern writers and he problematizes the expression of truth in the three branches of history by discussing them through a postmodern perspective and its way to question the past. In this study, Barnes's Flaubert's Parrot has been explored as a work of biographical history; his A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters has been discussed as a work of official history; and finally The Sense of an Ending has been analysed as a work of personal history. Hence, the dissertation aims to show how truth in history or the past is unreliable, questionable and subjective by analysing three sub-genres of history. Barnes has an ironic attitude to history as a branch. In his three novels, he questions the validity and objectivity of history/the past. By giving examples of three branches of history, he claims that there is not a concrete evidence about what happened in the past even though the person experienced it individually, written in historical books or there is a religious belief behind it. To point out the characteristics of biographical, personal and official histories, in this dissertation it has been pointed out how postmodernism problematizes them and how Julian Barnes uses Hutcheon's arguments on historiographic metafiction and parody as tools of postmodernism when he narrates history/the past.
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Batı Dilleri ve Edebiyatı, İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, Barnes, Julian, Biyografi, Gerçeklik, Western Linguistics and Literature, Parodi, English Linguistics and Literature, Barnes, Julian, Postmodernizm, Biography, Reality, Roman, Parody, Postmodernism, Tarih, Novel, History, Üstkurmaca, Metafiction
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