Simülasyon ve Gerçek Ortamda X-Band'da Düşük Radar Kesitli İHA'nın Modellenmesi

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2025

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Electrical-Electronics Engineering
The Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering covers communications, signal processing, high voltage, electrical machines, power distribution systems, radar and electronic warfare, RF, electromagnetic and photonics topics. Most of the theoretical courses in our department are supported by qualified laboratory facilities. Our department has been accredited by MÜDEK since 2013. Within the scope of joint training (COOP), in-company training opportunities are offered to our students. 9 different companies train our students for one semester within the scope of joint education and provide them with work experience. The number of students participating in joint education (COOP) is increasing every year. Our students successfully completed the joint education program that started in the 2019-2020 academic year and started work after graduation. Our department, which provides pre-graduation opportunities to its students with Erasmus, joint education (COOP) and undergraduate research projects, has made an agreement with Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences (Austria) starting from this year and offers its students undergraduate (Atılım University) and master's (Upper Austria) degrees with 3+2 education program. Our department, which has the only European Remote Radio Laboratory in Foundation Universities, has a pioneering position in research (publication, project, patent).

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Bu tezde, düşük RKA değerli bir İHA hem simülasyon hem de gerçek ortamda modellenmiş ve ölçülmüş, ayrıca sonuçlar incelenerek model en düşük RKA değerlerine sahip olacak şekilde iyileştirilmiştir. Hesaplamalı yöntemler arasında en yaygın kullanılan RKA tahmin programlarından biri olan CST, düşük RKA değerli İHA'yı modellemek ve simülasyon ortamında ölçmek için kullanılmıştır. Önerilen RKA Azaltma tekniği, modelleme aşamaları ve düşük RKA değerli İHA'nın parçalarında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar tanımlanmış ve simülasyon ortamında belirtilmiştir. Tüm ölçümler 360 derecelik görünüş açısında (1 derece hassasiyette) ve X-Band'da hem dikey hem de yatay polarizasyonda alınmıştır. Düşük RKA değerli İHA simülasyon ortamında modellendikten ve düşük RKA değerleri kanıtlandıktan sonra, profesyonel bir 3 boyutlu yazıcı yardımıyla gerçek ortamda modellenmiştir. Gerçek ortamda, düşük RKA değerli İHA'nın saçılma alanı parametreleri Vektör Ağ Analizörü (VNA) ile ölçülmüş ve saçılma alanına dayalı bir formül kullanılarak RKA parametreleri hesaplanmıştır. Gerçek ortam testleri için, tüm ölçümler 360 derecelik görünüş açısında (10 derece hassasiyette) ve X-Band'da hem dikey hem de yatay polarizasyonda alınmıştır. Ölçülen ve hesaplanan gerçek ve simüle edilmiş ortam sonuçları karşılaştırılarak sonuçların birbirine benzer olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Hem simülasyon hem de gerçek ortamdaki sonuçlar, önerilen RKA azaltma tekniğinin yardımıyla, İHA'daki RKA değerlerinin önemli ölçüde azaldığını göstermektedir. Son olarak, en düşük RKA değerleri, Düşük-RKA İHA incelenip yeniden geliştirilerek Geliştirilmiş İHA ile elde edilmiştir.
In this thesis, a low RCS UAV was modeled and measured in both simulation and real environments, and the results were examined to improve the model to have the lowest RCS values. CST was used to model the low RCS UAV and measure it in the simulation environment which is one of the most widely used RCS estimation programs among computational methods. The proposed RCS Reduction technique, modeling stages and the points to be considered in the parts of the low RCS UAV were defined and specified in the simulation environment. All measurements were taken at 360-degree aspect angle (1-degree precision) and in both vertical and horizontal polarization in X-Band. After the Low-RCS UAV was modeled in the simulation environment and the low RCS values were proven, it was modeled in the real environment with the help of a professional 3D printer. In real environment, the scattering field parameters of Low-RCS UAV were measured with the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and the RCS parameters were calculated using a formula based on the scattering field. For real environment tests, all measurements were taken at 360-degree aspect angle (10-degree precision) and both vertical and horizontal polarization in X-Band. The measured and calculated real and simulated environment results were compared to prove that the results were similar to each other. Both simulated and real environment results show that with the help of the proposed RCS Reduction technique, the RCS values in the UAV were significantly reduced. Finally, the lowest RCS values were obtained with the Improved RCS UAV by examining and redeveloping the Low-RCS UAV.

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Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Savunma ve Savunma Teknolojileri, Radar Kesit Alanı, İnsansız Hava Aracı, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Defense and Defense Technologies, Radar Cross Section, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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