Milimetre Dalga Bandında Bina İçi İnsan Yoğun Ortamlarda Sinyal Seviyesi Değişkenliğinin Ölçümü ve Modellenmesi
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Date
2021
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Abstract
Milimetre dalga spektrumu, beşinci nesil (5G) kablosuz teknoloji için en temel bileşendir. Milimetre dalga bandındaki radyo kanallarında insan vücudu önemli kesinti sebebi ve sinyal değişkenliği nedenidir. Bu tez çalışmasında, 28 GHz bandında 3 farklı insan modeli ile insan vücudunun sinyal kesintisine ve zayıflamasına etkisine yönelik ölçümler sunulmaktadır. Ayrıca farklı alıcı-verici anten yüksekliklerine göre insan vücudu yerleşiminin etkisi de incelenmektedir. Farklı boyutlarda insan vücutları ve yerleşimleri ile anten yükseklikleri dikkate alınarak Fresnel kırınım modelinin en iyi çalışan model olduğu gösterilmektedir. Ayrıca Fresnel kırınım modeli ile Geometrik Kırınım Teorisi (GKT) modellerini de kıyaslanmakta, öncekinin daha doğru ve gerçeklenmesi basit olduğu gösterilmektedir. İlave olarak tez çalışmasında, insan yoğunluğunun milimetre dalga yayılımında kesinti süresi ve derinliğine yönelik istatistiklerde ölçümler yoluyla çıkarılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, 3 ve 6 kişinin bir ofis ortamında olağan günlük hareket rotaları dikkate alınarak radyo linkini kesmesine yönelik istatistikler ilk defa bu tez çalışmasında sunulmaktadır.
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) spectrum is an essential enabler to the fifth generation (50) wireless technology. In using mm-wave spectrum based communication links, humans are one of the most noticeable blockers that cause temporal variation in the radio channel. This thesis presents human blockage measurements at 28GHz investigating 3 human subjects of different size. Also the effect of the human blockage crossing orientation is investigated by this study taking into account 3 different transmitter heights of 1 m, 1.3m and 1.6m. An effective human blockage model based on Fresnel diffraction scheme is shown to accurately estimate the blockage loss by fitting the measurements precisely, considering different human body dimensions, different crossing orientations, as well as different antenna heights. The Fresnel diffraction human blockage model is also compared to the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) human blockage model, and is found to be more accurate while using less computational efforts. Furthermore, this thesis presents indoor propagation measurements for an office environment short-range communication link at 28GHz in the presence of human activities. The human blockage activities are characterized in terms of the blockage duration, maximum temporal fading, and overall path loss. The experimental results considering 3 to 6 humans' activities for 3 different antenna height combinations are reported and empirical models are proposed accordingly to characterize the small-scale fading from a link blockage point of view.
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) spectrum is an essential enabler to the fifth generation (50) wireless technology. In using mm-wave spectrum based communication links, humans are one of the most noticeable blockers that cause temporal variation in the radio channel. This thesis presents human blockage measurements at 28GHz investigating 3 human subjects of different size. Also the effect of the human blockage crossing orientation is investigated by this study taking into account 3 different transmitter heights of 1 m, 1.3m and 1.6m. An effective human blockage model based on Fresnel diffraction scheme is shown to accurately estimate the blockage loss by fitting the measurements precisely, considering different human body dimensions, different crossing orientations, as well as different antenna heights. The Fresnel diffraction human blockage model is also compared to the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) human blockage model, and is found to be more accurate while using less computational efforts. Furthermore, this thesis presents indoor propagation measurements for an office environment short-range communication link at 28GHz in the presence of human activities. The human blockage activities are characterized in terms of the blockage duration, maximum temporal fading, and overall path loss. The experimental results considering 3 to 6 humans' activities for 3 different antenna height combinations are reported and empirical models are proposed accordingly to characterize the small-scale fading from a link blockage point of view.
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Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
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53