Displacement and fluid identities in little bee, shooting kabul and exit west
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Date
2021
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Günümüzde yaşanan göç dalgaları, uluslararası toplumun yerli kültürlere bakış açısını yeniden şekillendirdi. Göçmen kültürü, ulus-devletlerin değerlerini, kültürlerini ve normlarını bir dereceye kadar seyrelterek onlara meydan okumaktadır. Tez, göçün keyfi bir seçim olmaktan ziyade kapitalizm ve küreselleşmenin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan bir zorunluluk olduğuna odaklanmaktadır. Başlıca suçlular olan sömürgecilik ve yeni-sömürgecilik araçları, zayıf ulusların, gelişmiş dünyanın ekonomik ve politik çıkarlarını beslemek için sömürülmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Kültürel ve ekonomik parazitler olarak görülen mültecilere sığındıkları gelişmiş ülkelerde nefretle bakılmaktadır. Little Bee Shooting Kabul ve Exit West romanları mevcut göç krizini mercek altına almaktadır. Žižek ve Agamben'in göçmenlerin doğuşu ve hak mücadelelerine ilişkin görüşlerinin de desteğiyle bu tez, konu ve kuramlar arasında bir paralellik kurmaktadır. Little Bee çok uluslu şirketlerin faaliyetlerinin kurbanı olan genç bir mülteci kızın mücadelelerini anlatmaktadır. Hikâyede genç kız her ne kadar Birleşik Krallık'a ulaştıktan sonra olumlu ilişkiler kurmaya çalışsa da yetkililer onu mülteci kimliğini kanıtlayan belgeleri göstermediği nedeniyle sınır dışı eder. Shooting Kabul Afganların, Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliğinin çekilmesinin ardından Taliban'ın Kabil'i ele geçirmesiyle savaştan zarar gören Afganistan'dan gidişlerini anlatmaktadır. Eserde göçmen kültürünün derin köklülüğü, göçmenlerin ev sahibi kültüre meydan okuma biçimleri ve göç sonrası yaşam betimlenmektedir. Exit West dini fanatikler tarafından istila edilen mültecilerin vatanının kasvetli bir resmini çizmektedir. Vatandaşlar her ne kadar Batı yaşam modelini kopyalamaya çalışsalar da ekonomik ilerleme ve barış sağlayamazlar. Ancak roman, korkunç bir savaşın ardından göçmeyip yurtta kalanlar ve göç edenlerin yeniden buluşup yakınlaşmalarıyla olumlu bir hava ile sona ermektedir.
The contemporary migration crisis has reshaped the outlook of the international community on native culture. Immigrant culture challenges the nation-states by diluting its values, culture, and norms to a certain degree. The dissertation focuses that migration is not a random choice but a compulsion, and it is not a natural development but an outcome of capitalism and globalization. Colonization and neo-colonization work as the prime culprit as the weaker nations are exploited to feed the economic and political interests of the developed world. When the refugees reach the advanced states, they treat them with disgust and deem them cultural and economic parasites. The novels Little Bee, Shooting Kabul, and Exit West bring the current migration crisis under the spotlight. With the support of Žižek and Agamben's views on the immigrants' birth and the struggle for rights, the dissertation establishes a parallelism between the texts and theories. Little Bee shares the struggles of a young refugee; she is a victim of multinational companies' endeavours. After reaching the UK, the girl tries to establish a positive relationship with the hosts, but the authorities deport her for not showing the documents proving her refugee identity. Shooting Kabul depicts the migrants' journey from war-torn Afghanistan, which is an aftermath of the Taliban overtaking Kabul after the USSR withdrawal. The deep rootedness of immigrants' culture and the defiance in host culture depict the post-migration life. Exit West sketches a dismal picture of the refugees home overrun by religious fanatics. Though the citizens try to copy the Western life model, they cannot achieve economic progress and peace. More or less, the novel ends with a positive note when the hosts and refugees establish rapprochement following a scary battle.
The contemporary migration crisis has reshaped the outlook of the international community on native culture. Immigrant culture challenges the nation-states by diluting its values, culture, and norms to a certain degree. The dissertation focuses that migration is not a random choice but a compulsion, and it is not a natural development but an outcome of capitalism and globalization. Colonization and neo-colonization work as the prime culprit as the weaker nations are exploited to feed the economic and political interests of the developed world. When the refugees reach the advanced states, they treat them with disgust and deem them cultural and economic parasites. The novels Little Bee, Shooting Kabul, and Exit West bring the current migration crisis under the spotlight. With the support of Žižek and Agamben's views on the immigrants' birth and the struggle for rights, the dissertation establishes a parallelism between the texts and theories. Little Bee shares the struggles of a young refugee; she is a victim of multinational companies' endeavours. After reaching the UK, the girl tries to establish a positive relationship with the hosts, but the authorities deport her for not showing the documents proving her refugee identity. Shooting Kabul depicts the migrants' journey from war-torn Afghanistan, which is an aftermath of the Taliban overtaking Kabul after the USSR withdrawal. The deep rootedness of immigrants' culture and the defiance in host culture depict the post-migration life. Exit West sketches a dismal picture of the refugees home overrun by religious fanatics. Though the citizens try to copy the Western life model, they cannot achieve economic progress and peace. More or less, the novel ends with a positive note when the hosts and refugees establish rapprochement following a scary battle.
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İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, English Linguistics and Literature
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165