Kosova krizi esnasında Rus Amerikan ilişkileri
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Date
2015
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Dünya yaklaşık yarım yüzyıl boyunca iki kutuplu olarak yönetildi. İkinci dünya savaşı sonrası gelişen süreçte, ABD'nin başını çektiği batı bloğu ve SSCB'nin öncülüğündeki doğu bloğu bu iki kutbu teşkil ettiler. Gerek ekonomik alanda gerekse askeri alanda, bu iki devlet ve beraberindekiler, kendi sistemlerini oluşturdu ve dünya bu iki devletin güç kullanımına sahne oldu. 1989'da Sovyetler Birliği'nin yıkılması ile resmi olarak bu iki kutuplu düzenin sona erdi. Bu andan sonra, dünya, Balkanlar başta olmak üzere yeni çatışma alanlarının oluşmasına sahne oldu. Eski Sosyalist Yugoslavya'nın parçalanışı, bölge üzerindeki hâkimiyet kurma yarışını beraberinde getirdi. Balkan Krizleri, Sovyetlerin yıkılmasının ardından kurulan Rusya'nın, yeniden toparlanması ve uluslararası alanda kendine yer bulma çabaları bakımından, zor birer sınavdı. 1990'ların sonlarına doğru Kosova'da ortaya çıkan kriz, büyük bir otorite tesis etme savaşını da beraberinde getirdi. 1989 yılında gerçekleşen anayasa değişikliği ile Kosova, özerk yapısını kaybetti. Bu ondan sonra yaşanan etnik çatışmalar bütün dünyanın dikkatini Avrupa'nın bu küçük toprak parçasına yöneltti. Eski gücünden uzakta olan Rusya bu kriz esnasında Yugoslavya'nın adeta hamisi gibi davranarak, hem tezlerini kabul ettirmeye çalıştı hem de BM Güvenlik Konseyi'ndeki veto hakkı ile olası bir askeri müdahalenin önüne geçmek istedi. Fakat batı savunma bloğu NATO, ABD öncülüğünde teammüler dışına çıkılarak, herhangi bir self-determinasyon hakkı oluşmadan ve Güvenlik Konseyi kararı olmadan 76 gün süren ağır bir hava hücum harekâtı gerçekleştirdi ve böylece Miloseviç'i anlaşma masasına oturmaya ikna etti. Bu kriz, Sovyetlerin dağılması ile kurulan Rusya ile süper güç ABD'nin adeta bir gövde gösterisine sahne olmuş, fakat o zamanda geçiş dönemindeki Rusların zayıflığından dolayı ABD'nin zaferi ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bu sebeple, halen günümüzde de devam eden ve en son Kırım'ın Ruslar tarafından ilhakı ile sonuçlanan çekişmelerin temeli olarak Kosova Krizi, bu çalışmada ele alınmıştır.
The world was governed by two polar forces for approximately half a century. The USA-led western bloc and the Soviet Union-led eastern bloc formed these two polar forces in the post-World War II era. These two countries and their allies constituted their own economic and military systems, and the world witnessed the power of these two countries. It has been accepted that this bipolarity was ended with the collapse of the USSR in 1989. Later, the world has witnessed the formation of new conflict zones such as Balkans. The break-up of former socialist Yugoslavia has led to the race for dominating the area. Russia was formed after the collapse of Soviet Union, and the Balkan crises were challenging their efforts to pick themselves up and claim a spot in the international arena. The crisis in Kosovo in late 1990s has led to the battle for securing an authority. Kosovo lost its autonomous status after the change of constitution of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia under the leadership of Slobodan Milosevic. Ethnic battles after this have caused the whole world to pay attention to this small land in Europe. Far from its powerful times, Russian Federation has acted like a countenancer of the FRY, and they have tried to supply their policies. Furthermore, they wanted to prevent a possible military intervention by using their veto right in the UN Security Council. However, the western defence alliance NATO carried out an unprecedented 76 day-long air strike operation without a self-determination right or a Security Council decision, thus forced Milosevic to reach an agreement. This crisis has caused a demonstration of power between Russia, which was formed after collapse of the USSR, and the superpower USA. But due to weaknesses of Russia in transition period, it ended with the victory of the USA. Therefore, this study discusses the Kosovo crisis as an origin to the conflicts that persists today, most recently concluded with the annexation of Crimea by Russian Federation.
The world was governed by two polar forces for approximately half a century. The USA-led western bloc and the Soviet Union-led eastern bloc formed these two polar forces in the post-World War II era. These two countries and their allies constituted their own economic and military systems, and the world witnessed the power of these two countries. It has been accepted that this bipolarity was ended with the collapse of the USSR in 1989. Later, the world has witnessed the formation of new conflict zones such as Balkans. The break-up of former socialist Yugoslavia has led to the race for dominating the area. Russia was formed after the collapse of Soviet Union, and the Balkan crises were challenging their efforts to pick themselves up and claim a spot in the international arena. The crisis in Kosovo in late 1990s has led to the battle for securing an authority. Kosovo lost its autonomous status after the change of constitution of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia under the leadership of Slobodan Milosevic. Ethnic battles after this have caused the whole world to pay attention to this small land in Europe. Far from its powerful times, Russian Federation has acted like a countenancer of the FRY, and they have tried to supply their policies. Furthermore, they wanted to prevent a possible military intervention by using their veto right in the UN Security Council. However, the western defence alliance NATO carried out an unprecedented 76 day-long air strike operation without a self-determination right or a Security Council decision, thus forced Milosevic to reach an agreement. This crisis has caused a demonstration of power between Russia, which was formed after collapse of the USSR, and the superpower USA. But due to weaknesses of Russia in transition period, it ended with the victory of the USA. Therefore, this study discusses the Kosovo crisis as an origin to the conflicts that persists today, most recently concluded with the annexation of Crimea by Russian Federation.
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Uluslararası İlişkiler, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Birleşmiş Milletler, Kosova, International Relations, Kriz, United States of America, United Nations, NATO, Kosovo, Crisis, Rus-Amerikan ilişkileri, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, Rusya, Russian-American relations, Russia, Uluslararası ilişkiler, International relations
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