Çeviri kuramlarına bütünleyici bir yaklaşım
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2017
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Çeviri, tarihin başlangıcından bu yana en önemli iletişim araçlarından biri olmuştur. Çeviri olmasaydı bizler bugün günlük yaşamımıza yön veren gelişmelerden faydalanamıyor olacaktık. Dünyanın dört bir yanında gerçekleşen neredeyse her önemli olaya yapmış olduğu değerli katkılarına rağmen, çeviriye bir çalışma alanı olarak yaklaşımlar yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısına dayanmaktadır. Başlangıçta çeviri yaklaşımları çeviri kelimesi kelimesine mi yoksa anlama göre mi, ya da özgür mü sadık mı olmalı şeklinde temel sorulara dayansa da; eşdeğerlik ve felsefi yaklaşımlar gibi yeni yaklaşım türleri on dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonunda gün yüzüne çıkmaya başlamış ve yeni ve farklı yirminci yüzyıl çeviri kuramlarına zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Cicero'dan Scleiermacher'e, Holmes'a, Toury'ye ve daha pek çok öne çıkan yirminci yüzyıl öncesi düşünür ve çevirmenler ile yirminci yüzyıl kuramcılarının söylemlerini detaylı bir biçimde açıklayacak bütünleyici bir yaklaşım getirmektir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Çeviri Tarihi, Kuram, Çeviri Kuramı, Felsefi Yaklaşımlar, Fonksyonel Yaklaşımlar, Betimleyici Yaklaşımlar, Kültürel Yaklaşımlar
Translation has been one of the most important means of communication between different civilizations and cultures since the beginning of history. Without translation we would not be able to benefit from the developments that shape our daily lives today. Even though translation has made crucial contributions to almost every important action taking place in every part of the world, the approaches to translation as a field of study date back to the second half of the twentieth century. Although the initial approaches to translation were mainly concerned with some basic questions like if translation should be alone word-for-word or sense-for sense, or whether it should be free or loyal; the new kinds of approaches like equivalence and philosophical outlook to translation came into light at the end of the nineteenth century and formed a basis to the brand new and different translation theories of the twentieth century. The purpose of this study is to bring a comprehensive approach to the studies of the thinkers and translators of the pre-twentieth century and the theorists of the twentieth century by explaining the views of the most prominent figures from Cicero to Schleiermacher, Holmes, and Toury and so on in detail. KEY WORDS: Translation History, Theory, Translation Theory, Philosophical Approaches, Functional Approaches, Descriptive Approaches, Cultural Approach
Translation has been one of the most important means of communication between different civilizations and cultures since the beginning of history. Without translation we would not be able to benefit from the developments that shape our daily lives today. Even though translation has made crucial contributions to almost every important action taking place in every part of the world, the approaches to translation as a field of study date back to the second half of the twentieth century. Although the initial approaches to translation were mainly concerned with some basic questions like if translation should be alone word-for-word or sense-for sense, or whether it should be free or loyal; the new kinds of approaches like equivalence and philosophical outlook to translation came into light at the end of the nineteenth century and formed a basis to the brand new and different translation theories of the twentieth century. The purpose of this study is to bring a comprehensive approach to the studies of the thinkers and translators of the pre-twentieth century and the theorists of the twentieth century by explaining the views of the most prominent figures from Cicero to Schleiermacher, Holmes, and Toury and so on in detail. KEY WORDS: Translation History, Theory, Translation Theory, Philosophical Approaches, Functional Approaches, Descriptive Approaches, Cultural Approach
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Mütercim-Tercümanlık, Bütünlük, Felsefe, Kültür, Translation and Interpretation, Kültürel ögeler, Integrity, Philosophy, Tasvir, Culture, Cultural facts, Çeviri, Description, Çeviri yaklaşımı, Translation, Translation approach, Çeviri yöntemleri, Translation methods
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