Hava yolu ile yapılan uluslararası yük taşımalarında taşıyıcının sorumluluğu
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2023
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ACUN, Umut. Hava Yolu ile Yapılan Uluslararası Yük Taşımalarında Taşıyıcının Sorumluluğu, Doktora Tezi, Ankara 2023. Hava yoluyla gerçekleştirilen taşımalar, diğer taşıma türlerine nazaran daha geç gelişim göstermiş, bu durum hava yoluyla gerçekleştirilen taşımalarına ilişkin kuralların gelişiminin de geç olması sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu kapsamda ilk uluslararası sözleşme 1929 yılında yapılmıştır. 1929 Varşova Konvansiyonu; 1955 Lahey Protokolü, 1961 Guadalajara Ek Konvansiyonu, 1971 Guatemala City Protokolü ve 1975 Montreal Protokolleri ile tadile uğramıştır. Konvansiyonda gerçekleştirilen tadillerin yetersiz kalması ve çeşitli tartışmalara yol açması ise 1999 Montreal Konvansiyonu'nun hazırlanmasına neden olmuştur. Çalışmamızda uluslararası niteliği haiz hava taşımaları kapsamında taşıyıcının yükün hasar, zıya ve gecikmesinden doğan sorumluluğu ve bu sorumluluğun geleceği incelenmiştir. Giriş ve beş bölümden meydana gelen çalışmamızın giriş kısmında taşıma sözleşmesine ilişkin bilgi verilmiş, taşıma sözleşmesinin unsurları, tarafları, şekli ve hukuki niteliği incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın birinci bölümünde hava yoluyla gerçekleştirilen uluslararası taşımalara ilişkin kuralları düzenleyen düzenlemeler incelenmiş ve bu düzenlemelerin en günceli olan 1999 Montreal Konvansiyonunun uygulanma şartlarına yer verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde 1999 Montreal Konvansiyonu'na göre taşıyıcının yük taşımalarından doğan sorumluluğu ve sorumluluğunun hukuki niteliği, hasar, zıya ve gecikme halleri için ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde taşıyıcının sorumluluktan kurtulma halleri incelenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise taşıyıcının sorumluluğunun doğmuş olması halinde ödenecek tazminat ve tazminat davası konularına yer verilmiştir. Bu kapsamda dava sebebi, davanın tarafları, dava açma süresi ve bu sürenin hukuki niteliği, görevli ve yetkili mahkeme gibi hususlar incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın beşinci ve son bölümünde ise taşıyıcının yükün hasar, zıya ve gecikmesinden doğan sorumluluğunun geleceği irdelenmiş ve yakın gelecekte büyük önem arz edecek olan insansız hava araçlarıyla gerçekleştirilen taşımalara ilişkin gelişmeler değerlendirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Uluslararası Hava Taşımaları, Taşıyıcının Sorumluluğu, Yükün Hasarı, Yükün Zıyaı, Yükün Gecikmesi
ACUN, Umut. Carrier's Liability in International Carriage of Cargo by Air, PhD Thesis, Ankara, 2023. Carriage by air has developed later than other types of carriage, which has resulted in the late development of rules regarding carriage by air. In this context, the first international convention was made in 1929. The 1929 Warsaw Convention was amended by the 1955 Hague Protocol, 1961 Guadalajara Supplementary Convention, 1971 Guatemala City Protocol and 1975 Montreal Protocols. The fact that the amendments to the Convention were insufficient led to the preparation of the 1999 Montreal Convention. Our study examines the liability of the carrier for damage, loss and delay of the cargo and the future of this liability within the scope of international air carriage. In the introduction part of our study, which consists of an introduction and five chapters, information on the contract of carriage is given, and the elements, parties, form and legal nature of the contract of carriage are examined. In the first part of our study, the regulations regulating the rules governing international carriage by air are examined and the conditions of application of the 1999 Montreal Convention, which is the most recent of these regulations, are given. In the second part, according to the 1999 Montreal Convention, the carrier's liability arising from the carriage of cargo and the legal nature of the carrier's liability are discussed separately for damage, loss and delay. In the third part of the study, the cases where the carrier may be released from liability are analyzed. In the fourth part, the compensation to be paid in case the carrier's liability arises and the action for compensation are discussed. In this context, issues such as the cause of action, the parties to the action, the time period for filing a lawsuit and the legal nature of this period, the competent and authorized court are examined. In the fifth and final part of our study, the future of the carrier's liability arising from damage, loss and delay of the cargo is examined and the developments regarding the carriage by unmanned aerial vehicles, which will have great importance in the near future, are evaluated. Keywords: International Air Carriage, Carrier's Liability, Cargo Damage, Cargo Loss, Cargo Delay
ACUN, Umut. Carrier's Liability in International Carriage of Cargo by Air, PhD Thesis, Ankara, 2023. Carriage by air has developed later than other types of carriage, which has resulted in the late development of rules regarding carriage by air. In this context, the first international convention was made in 1929. The 1929 Warsaw Convention was amended by the 1955 Hague Protocol, 1961 Guadalajara Supplementary Convention, 1971 Guatemala City Protocol and 1975 Montreal Protocols. The fact that the amendments to the Convention were insufficient led to the preparation of the 1999 Montreal Convention. Our study examines the liability of the carrier for damage, loss and delay of the cargo and the future of this liability within the scope of international air carriage. In the introduction part of our study, which consists of an introduction and five chapters, information on the contract of carriage is given, and the elements, parties, form and legal nature of the contract of carriage are examined. In the first part of our study, the regulations regulating the rules governing international carriage by air are examined and the conditions of application of the 1999 Montreal Convention, which is the most recent of these regulations, are given. In the second part, according to the 1999 Montreal Convention, the carrier's liability arising from the carriage of cargo and the legal nature of the carrier's liability are discussed separately for damage, loss and delay. In the third part of the study, the cases where the carrier may be released from liability are analyzed. In the fourth part, the compensation to be paid in case the carrier's liability arises and the action for compensation are discussed. In this context, issues such as the cause of action, the parties to the action, the time period for filing a lawsuit and the legal nature of this period, the competent and authorized court are examined. In the fifth and final part of our study, the future of the carrier's liability arising from damage, loss and delay of the cargo is examined and the developments regarding the carriage by unmanned aerial vehicles, which will have great importance in the near future, are evaluated. Keywords: International Air Carriage, Carrier's Liability, Cargo Damage, Cargo Loss, Cargo Delay
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Hukuk, Law
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