Haksız Rekabet Hukuku Bakımından Şikâyet Platformları
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2025
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İnternet, bireyler arasında hızlı, kolay ve etkili bir iletişim imkânı sunarak modern dünyanın vazgeçilmez unsurlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Bu teknolojinin gelişimiyle birlikte müşteriler, satın aldıkları mal ve hizmetlere ilişkin deneyimlerini çeşitli forum ve bloglarda paylaşmaya başlamış; zaman içerisinde bu yapıların kurumsallaşmasıyla birlikte şikâyet platformları ortaya çıkmıştır. Dijital ekonominin yeni bir iş modeli olan şikâyet platformları; müşterileri, potansiyel müşterileri ve firmaları aynı dijital ortamda buluşturarak bir etkileşim ekosistemi oluşturmakta ve kullanıcıların memnuniyetsizliklerini kamuya açık biçimde ifade etmelerine olanak tanımaktadır. Ülkemizde yaygınlaşan ve geniş kitlelere ulaşan şikâyet platformları, firmaların ticari itibarını doğrudan etkileyebilecek güce ulaşmıştır. Bu durum şikâyet platformlarında yer alan içeriklerin ve bu platformların faaliyetlerinin haksız rekabet kapsamında tartışılmasına yol açmıştır. Çalışmamızda şikâyet platformlarının yapısı, işleyişi ve hukuki niteliği incelenmiş; bu platformlarda yer alan içeriklerin Türk Ticaret Kanunu'na düzenlenen haksız rekabet hükümleri bakımından değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, konuya ilişkin yargı kararları ve öğretideki görüşler ışığında, şikâyet platformlarının faaliyetlerinin hangi durumlarda haksız rekabet oluşturabileceği ve bu hâllerin hukuki sonuçları kapsamlı biçimde ele alınmıştır.
The Internet has become an indispensable component of modern world by providing fast, easy, and effective means of communication between individuals. With the advancement of this technology, customers began to share their experiences regarding purchased goods and services through various online forums and blogs. Over time, the institutionalization of these informal structures has led to the emergence of complaint platforms. As a new business model in the digital economy, complaint platforms bring together customers, potential customers, and businesses within a shared digital environment, thereby creating an interactive ecosystem that enables users to publicly express their dissatisfaction. Complaint platforms, which have become widespread in Türkiye and reach large masses, have reached the power to directly affect the commercial reputation of businesses.This development has triggered legal debates as to whether the content published on these platforms and the platforms' activities may constitute acts of unfair competition. In this study, the structure, functioning, and legal nature of complaint platforms are analysed, and the content shared on such platforms is assessed within the framework of the provisions on unfair competition under the Turkish Commercial Code. Furthermore, in light of relevant court decisions and scholarly opinions, the circumstances under which the activities of complaint platforms may give rise to unfair competition and the legal consequences thereof are addressed in a comprehensive manner.
The Internet has become an indispensable component of modern world by providing fast, easy, and effective means of communication between individuals. With the advancement of this technology, customers began to share their experiences regarding purchased goods and services through various online forums and blogs. Over time, the institutionalization of these informal structures has led to the emergence of complaint platforms. As a new business model in the digital economy, complaint platforms bring together customers, potential customers, and businesses within a shared digital environment, thereby creating an interactive ecosystem that enables users to publicly express their dissatisfaction. Complaint platforms, which have become widespread in Türkiye and reach large masses, have reached the power to directly affect the commercial reputation of businesses.This development has triggered legal debates as to whether the content published on these platforms and the platforms' activities may constitute acts of unfair competition. In this study, the structure, functioning, and legal nature of complaint platforms are analysed, and the content shared on such platforms is assessed within the framework of the provisions on unfair competition under the Turkish Commercial Code. Furthermore, in light of relevant court decisions and scholarly opinions, the circumstances under which the activities of complaint platforms may give rise to unfair competition and the legal consequences thereof are addressed in a comprehensive manner.
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Hukuk, Law
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17
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