Browsing by Author "Bilir, Levent"

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Citation - WoS: 102
Citation - Scopus: 120
An Investigation on Wind Energy Potential and Small Scale Wind Turbine Performance at Incek Region - Ankara, Turkey
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Bilir, Levent; Imir, Mehmet; Devrim, Yilser; Albostan, Ayhan
Renewable energy resources increased their importance in the last decades due to environmental pollution problems. Additionally, the fact that fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas will be depleted in near future encourages researchers to make investigations on alternative energy resources. Wind energy, which is one of the most used alternative resources, has a great potential. In this study, Weibull parameters at Incek region of Ankara (the capital city of Turkey), where /intim University campus is located, were determined for four different seasons and for twelve months in order to accomplish wind speed characterization at the region. Wind speed data at 20 m and 30 m heights were collected from. a measurement station installed at Atilim University campus area. The data were taken as 1 min average values for a one year period between June 2012 and June 2013. Hourly average wind speed values for each height were derived using the collected wind data. Weibull parameters were calculated with five different methods using the derived hourly average wind speed values. According to root mean square error analyses, the best methods for which Weibull distribution fits the actual wind data were determined as power density and empirical methods. The power and energy density values for the region were also calculated for each season and each month. It was revealed that the maximum power density is encountered in March with about 98 (W/m(2)). Since this power density indicates that large scale wind turbine use is not a good option at the region, the performances of three different small scale wind turbines were evaluated. According to the results, two of the investigated wind turbines were found to be capable to generate all yearly energy need of an average household in Turkey. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 61
Citation - Scopus: 72
Performance Investigation of a Wind Turbine-Solar Photovoltaic Panels-Fuel Cell Hybrid System Installed at Incek Region - Ankara, Turkey
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Devrim, Yilser; Bilir, Levent
Renewable energy use in the world increases year by year. However, in many cases it is not possible to cover the electrical energy need of even a single house using only one renewable energy resource due to its intermittent nature. At this point, hybrid systems are applied to overcome this problem. This study focuses on the combination of photovoltaic solar panels, a small scale wind turbine, an electrolyzer and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid system for electrical power generation for an average house of 150 m(2) located at Incek region of Ankara, Turkey. Solar and wind energies were used as primary sources and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used as the backup power. The hybrid system was modeled and the results indicate that the use of the selected wind turbine with a 3 kW capacity along with photovoltaic panels with 17.97 m(2) area is sufficient to provide the required 5 h operation of the electrolyzer, which in turn provides the necessary hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell. Since the daily energy needed by the investigated house was taken as 5 kW h, the fuel cell with a net power output of 1 kW supplies all electrical demand with its 5 h operation. The outcomes show that the hybrid system is capable to provide all electrical need of the house all year round, except November. The electrical energy production of the proposed system is considerably higher. than the demand in many months and this surplus electricity can be used in order to support the cooling and heating system of the considered house. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reformat Gazlar ile Çalışabilen Yüksek Sıcaklık Yakıt Hücresi ve Bileşenlerinin Tasarımı, Geliştirilmesi ve Mikro- Kojenerasyon Uygulamasının İncelenmesi
(2018) Devrim, Yılser; Eroğlu, İnci; Albostan, Ayhan; Yapıcı, Ekin Özgirgin; Bilir, Levent; Devrim, Hüseyin
Günümüzde, büyük bir kısmı fosil yakıtlardan üretilen enerjinin, yeni ve temiz enerji kaynaklarından üretimi giderek daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Güvenilir, sağlam ve çevre dostu güç üretim teknikleri içerisinde yakıt hücreleri yüksek verimlilik, yüksek basınç karakteristikleri ve çevre dostu olmaları nedeniyle büyük çekmektedir. Son yıllarda taşınabilir ve yerleşik uygulamalar gibi pek çok uygulaması olan yakıt hücrelerinin birleştirilmiş ısı ve güç (kojenerasyon) uygulamaları da gündeme gelmiştir. Birleştirilmiş ısı ve güç teknolojilerinde (CHP), yakıttaki kimyasal enerjiyi doğrudan elektrik enerjisine ve ayrıca faydalı ısıya dönüştüren yakıt hücreleri, düşük karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonu, yüksek elektriksel verim ve kolay bakım gibi avantajlar ile geleneksel güç üretim teknolojilerine (örneğin; içten yanmalı motor) göre kombine ısı-güç dağılımı üretmek için daha uygundur. Yüksek sıcaklık proton değişim membran (YS-PEM) yakıt hücresi tabanlı kojenerasyon sistemleri, düşük sıcaklık proton değişim membran (DS-PEM) tabanlı kojenerasyon sistemlerine göre kolay su yönetimi, daha ucuz yakıt işleme, daha fazla CO toleransı gibi avantajlara sahiptir. Bu proje kapsamında yüksek sıcaklık yakıt hücresi uygulamaları için polibenzimidazol (PBI) temelli kompozit ve çapraz bağlı membranlar geliştirilmiş ve reformat gazlar ile çalışabilen YS-PEM yakıt hücresi tasarımı yapılarak laboratuvar ölçekli mikro-kojenerasyon uygulaması incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ilk olarak yüksek sıcaklık yakıt hücrelerinin performansını ve kararlılığını arttırmak için yüksek sıcaklıklara uzun süre dayanıklı ve yüksek performanslı membranlar ve elektrot malzemeleri geliştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan membranların fizikokimyasal ve elektrokimyasal karakterizasyonu yapılarak, en iyi özelliğe sahip membrana ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra yüksek performans için özgün reaktant akış kanalları ve soğutma sistemine sahip 300 W net güce sahip YS-PEM yakıt hücresi tasarımı ve üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Projede YS-PEM yakıt hücresi sisteminde önce saf H2 ile ve sonrasında farklı oranlarda CO, CO2 ve H2 gaz karışımları ile çalışılmıştır. Proje kapsamında ayrıca üretilen elektrik enerjisi yanı sıra sistemde oluşacak atık ısıdan maksimum derecede yararlanılması için kojenerasyon sistemi tasarımı ve modellemesi yapılmıştır.
Citation - WoS: 67
Citation - Scopus: 80
Seasonal and Yearly Wind Speed Distribution and Wind Power Density Analysis Based on Weibull Distribution Function
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Bilir, Levent; Imir, Mehmet; Devrim, Yilser; Albostan, Ayhan
Wind energy, which is among the most promising renewable energy resources, is used throughout the world as an alternative to fossil fuels. In the assessment of wind energy for a region, the use of two-parameter Weibull distribution is an important tool. In this study, wind speed data, collected for a one year period between June 2012 and June 2013, were evaluated. Wind speed data, collected for two different heights (20 m and 30 m) from a measurement station installed in Atihm University campus area (Ankara, Turkey), were recorded using a data logger as one minute average values. Yearly average hourly wind speed values for 20 m and 30 m heights were determined as 2.9859 m/s and 3.3216 m/s, respectively. Yearly and seasonal shape (k) and scale (c) parameter of Weibull distribution for wind speed were calculated for each height using five different methods. Additionally, since the hub height of many wind turbines is higher than these measurement heights, Weibull parameters were also calculated for 50 m height. Root mean square error values of Weibull distribution functions for each height, derived using five different methods, show that a satisfactory representation of wind data is achieved for all methods. Yearly and seasonal wind power density values of the region were calculated using the best Weibull parameters for each case. As a conclusion, the highest wind power density value was found to be in winter season while the lowest value was encountered in autumn season. Yearly wind power densities were calculated as 39.955 (W/m(2)), 51.282 (W/m(2)) and 72.615 (W/m(2)) for 20 m, 30 m and 50 m height, respectively. The prevailing wind direction was also determined as southeast for the region. It can be concluded that the wind power density value at the region is considerable and can be exploited using small scale wind turbines. Copyright (C) 2015, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.