Keskinkilic, E.Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringMetallurgical and Materials Engineering2024-10-062024-10-0620110038-223X2-s2.0-79960386377https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/8557In this study, sulfide-type inclusion morphologies of a Ca-treated hot-rolled wheel steel, Grade-X, were investigated. The specimens taken from the hot-rolled products of Grade-X heats were studied. The size and distribution of elongated sulfide inclusions were examined for the heats of different S levels. Elongated sulfide inclusions were either not observed or rarely encountered when ladle analysis S content was below 50 ppm. The size and relative abundance of sulfide inclusions were reported to increase markedly when the S composition was greater than or equal to 70 ppm and the Ca/S ratio was less than 0.50. The effect of Ti addition (0.010-0.020% Ti) on sulfide-type inclusion morphologies was then investigated for heats having a sulfur content higher than 50 ppm. Addition of Ti was found to have a partial effect on decreasing the size of sulfide-type inclusions under real steelmaking conditions.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessSulfide inclusionsCa-treatmenttitaniumArticleQ4Q31116417422WOS:0002938026000086