Akdemir, Tugba GurcelResuloglu, Cilga2026-02-052026-02-0520261362-93951743-941810.1080/13629395.2025.26093112-s2.0-105026803105https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2025.2609311https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/11110Hagia Sophia, as a monument of enduring historical and cultural significance, has long stood at the intersection of religious, spatial, and political transformations. Its successive conversions - from basilica to mosque, from museum to mosque again - constitute the layers of its multidimensional character and reflect its symbolic role beyond mere architecture as a palimpsest of meanings. Throughout history, sovereignty over Hagia Sophia has embodied hegemonic power, with its spatial reconfigurations serving political concerns and ideological narratives. This article argues that Turkey's recent de-Europeanization is materially and symbolically manifested in the 2020 reconversion of Hagia Sophia into a mosque. By situating this transformation within Lefebvre's triadic spatial model-perceived space, conceived space, and lived space, the study conceptualizes Hagia Sophia as a paradigmatic site where space, power, and politics intersect, offering an interdisciplinary framework that links the politics of Europeanization with the spatial production of power.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessHagia SophiaDe-EuropeanizationLefebvre's Triadic Spatial ModelTurkeyEuropean UnionArchitectural TransformationArticle