Omay, TolgaIren, PerihanEconomics2024-07-052024-07-05202310927-70991572-997410.1007/s10614-021-10205-72-s2.0-85118325431https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-021-10205-7https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/1729This study aims to show the consequences of a restrictive homogeneity assumption of frequency in heterogeneous panel unit root and cointegration testing with Flexible Fourier Form. For this purpose, we use a simple panel unit root and residual based cointegration test with Flexible Fourier Form in a heterogeneous frequency setting using a bootstrap algorithm. The power of the test statistics and empirical analysis results indicate that failing to take into account a heterogeneous frequency may lead to misleading inferences, thereby leading to misspecified tests and erroneous conclusions concerning the stochastic behavior of the data in the panel sample.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessHeterogeneous fractional frequencyFlexible Fourier formPanel unit rootStructural breakBootstrapArticleQ2611233265WOS:000713545900001