Tunç, GökhanTunc, GokhanMertol, Halit CenanOthman, Mohammed MoatasemMertol, Halit CenanCivil Engineering2024-07-052024-07-05202242075-530910.3390/buildings120303752-s2.0-85127469266https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12030375https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/1818Tunc, Gokhan/0000-0002-8307-1060; Othman, Mohammed Moatasem Othman/0000-0002-1717-8601Structural frame systems that consists of concrete-encased-steel-embedded composite columns and reinforced concrete beams are typically used in mid-rise to tall buildings. In order to understand their overall structural behavior, a total of 12 frame models with high and low ductility features were constructed and analyzed using LS-DYNA software. Two of these models were validated using the results of previously tested frames. The remaining 10 models were studied to predict the behavior of frames with varying concrete strengths, reinforcement configurations, and structural steel sections under vertical and lateral loads. The results were investigated in terms of cracks and failure patterns, load-deflection relationships, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation. The analytical results indicated that the high ductile frame models showed slightly better lateral load carrying performances compared to low ductility frame models. Moreover, the analytical studies demonstrated that the existence of structural steel in a column, regardless of its cross-sectional shape, was the most important parameter in improving the lateral load carrying capacity of a frame.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesscomposite connectionconcrete-encased steel composite columnductilityfinite element modellingArticle123WOS:000776059700001