Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire for Turkish-Speaking Athletes

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ) into the Turkish language for Turkish-speaking athletes. Methods: AFAQ-TR performed on 146 high school athletes (88 males and 58 females; (mean age: 17.39±1.6 years, body mass index 21.92±3.82 kg/m2). Complies with worldwide standards, the questionnaire was cross-culturally adapted. The psychometric evaluation included an assessment of reliability with internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC (2,1)), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC), construct validity with exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, and feasibility analysis. We used the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) subscales (FABQ-Physical Activity (FABQ-PA) and FABQ-Work (FABQ-W)). Results: The ICC (2,1) of the AFAQ-TR was 0.912 (95% CI: 0.878–0.937). The SEM and MDC95 for the AFAQ-TR were 2.61 and 7.23, respectively. The findings of the factor analysis indicated that AFAQ-TR had a two-factor solution, and 10-item. As hypothesized a priori, the AFAQ-TR demonstrated a moderate correlation with the NPRS (r=0.207; p=0.013), PCS (r=0.723; p