WoS
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Article Citation - WoS: 31Citation - Scopus: 41Software Code Smell Prediction Model Using Shannon, Renyi and Tsallis Entropies(MDPI, 2018-05-17) Blazauskas, Tomas; Gupta, Aakanshi; Misra, Sanjay; Suri, Bharti; Kumar, Vijay; Damasevicius, RobertasThe current era demands high quality software in a limited time period to achieve new goals and heights. To meet user requirements, the source codes undergo frequent modifications which can generate the bad smells in software that deteriorate the quality and reliability of software. Source code of the open source software is easily accessible by any developer, thus frequently modifiable. In this paper, we have proposed a mathematical model to predict the bad smells using the concept of entropy as defined by the Information Theory. Open-source software Apache Abdera is taken into consideration for calculating the bad smells. Bad smells are collected using a detection tool from sub components of the Apache Abdera project, and different measures of entropy (Shannon, Renyi and Tsallis entropy). By applying non-linear regression techniques, the bad smells that can arise in the future versions of software are predicted based on the observed bad smells and entropy measures. The proposed model has been validated using goodness of fit parameters (prediction error, bias, variation, and Root Mean Squared Prediction Error (RMSPE)). The values of model performance statistics (R-2, adjusted R-2, Mean Square Error (MSE) and standard error) also justify the proposed model. We have compared the results of the prediction model with the observed results on real data. The results of the model might be helpful for software development industries and future researchers.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 25Quantitative Quality Evaluation of Software Products by Considering Summary and Comments Entropy of a Reported Bug(MDPI, 2019-01-19) Misra, Sanjay; Kumari, Madhu; Misra, Ananya; Damasevicius, Robertas; Fernandez Sanz, Luis; Sanz, Luis Fernandez; Singh, V. B.A software bug is characterized by its attributes. Various prediction models have been developed using these attributes to enhance the quality of software products. The reporting of bugs leads to high irregular patterns. The repository size is also increasing with enormous rate, resulting in uncertainty and irregularities. These uncertainty and irregularities are termed as veracity in the context of big data. In order to quantify these irregular and uncertain patterns, the authors have appliedentropy-based measures of the terms reported in the summary and the comments submitted by the users. Both uncertainties and irregular patterns have been taken care of byentropy-based measures. In this paper, the authors considered that the bug fixing process does not only depend upon the calendar time, testing effort and testing coverage, but it also depends on the bug summary description and comments. The paper proposed bug dependency-based mathematical models by considering the summary description of bugs and comments submitted by users in terms of the entropy-based measures. The models were validated on different Eclipse project products. The models proposed in the literature have different types of growth curves. The models mainly follow exponential, S-shaped or mixtures of both types of curves. In this paper, the proposed models were compared with the modelsfollowingexponential, S-shaped and mixtures of both types of curves.Conference Object The Audition of Final Accounts Law: a Critical Approach on The Inefficiency of Existing Audition and Solution Offers in Order To Promote Efficiency(Istanbul Univ Press, Istanbul Univ Rectorate, 2019-06-30) Muftuoglu, ZeynepThe detection of flaws in the audit of the final accounts law, which is an indicator of the compatibility of the revenues collected and spending in a given financial year made by the executive body to the budget law, and efforts to address these flaws is a major requirement for fulfilling the principle of the rule of law and ensuring the budget right. In the study, regarding the importance of final accounts law in the realization of rule of law principle and budget right, the characteristics of the final accounts law and the auditing mechanisms on it are being examined. Such examination is held through a critical approach and ineffective and problematic sides of the auditing are tried to be sorted out. In the light of that research, solutions are tried to be developed. Regarding that aim, in the conclusion section, the mechanisms required to address the flaws caused by the shortcomings of the conducted audits will be discussed and suggestions that would remove these shortcomings will tired to be suggested. As it can be seen in the discussions, the most possible and effective way to remove the flaws in the auditing of the final accounts law can be appointed and zoomed on the legislative branch. On the basis of the characteristics of the auditions, solutions will be more focused on legislative level as well.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 23A COUPLED FIXED POINT RESULT IN PARTIALLY ORDERED PARTIAL METRIC SPACES THROUGH IMPLICIT FUNCTION(Hacettepe Univ, FAC Sci, 2013) Özyurt, Selma Gülyaz; Karapınar, Erdal; Gulyaz, SelmaIn this manuscript, we discuss the existence of coupled fixed points inthe context of partially ordered metric spaces through implicit relationsfor mappings F : X× X -> X such that F has the mixed monotoneproperty. Our main theorem improves and extends various results inthe literature. We also state an example to illustrate our workArticle On Pairs of $ell$-Köthe Spaces(Hacettepe Univ, FAC Sci, 2010) Karapınar, ErdalLet $ell$ be a Banach sequence space with a monotone norm $parallel centerdot parallel_{ell}$, in which the canonical system ($e_i$) is a normalized unconditional basis. Let $a = (a_i), a_i rightarrow infty, lambda=(lambda_i)$ be sequences of positive numbers. We study the problem on isomorphic classification of pairs $F = biggl(K^{ell} biggl( exp biggl(-frac{1}{p}a_i biggr)biggr),K^{ell}biggl(exp biggl(-frac{1}{p}a_i + lambda_i biggr)biggr)biggr)$. For this purpose, we consider the sequence of so-called m-rectangle characteristics $mu^F_m$. It is shown that the system of all these characteristics is a complete quasidiagonal invariant on the class of pairs of finite-type $ell$-power series spaces. By using analytic scale and a modification of some invariants (modified compound invariants) it is proven that m-rectangular characteristics are invariant on the class of such pairs. Deriving the characteristic $tilde{beta}$ from the characteristic $beta$, and using the interpolation method of analytic scale, we are able to generalize some results of Chalov, Dragilev, and Zahariuta (Pair of finite type power series spaces, Note di Mathematica 17, 121–142, 1997).Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Effect of Y, Au and Yau Nanosandwiching on the Structural, Optical and Dielectric Properties of Znse Thin Films(S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L, 2019) Qasrawi,A.F.; Taleb,M.F.In this article, we report the effects of insertion of yttrium, gold and yttrium-gold (YAu) metallic nano-slabs on the structural, optical and dielectric properties of ZnSe thin films. The ZnSe thin films which are prepared by the thermal evaporation technique under vacuum pressure of 10-5 mbar exhibit hexagonal structure. While the insertion of the 70 nm thick Y layers does not alter the lattice parameters and stress values, the Au and YAu layers increased the lattice parameters along the a- and c-axes and decreased the stress values. In addition, the insertion of these metallic layers slightly alters the value of the energy band gap and increases the width of the interbands. The light absorbability are increased by 1.4, 2.0 and 2.4 times upon insertion of Y, Au and YAu, slabs, respectively. On the other hand, the dielectric and optical conductivity analyses has shown that the use of the YAu stacked metal layers increases the real part of the dielectric constant, the optical conductivity, the drift mobility and extended the plasmon frequency range from 35.1 to 254.0 (Ωcm)−1, from 1098 to 1766 cm2/Vs and from 0.94-3.11 GHz to 2.13-4.83 GHz, respectively. The insertion of the two stacked metallic layers between two layers of ZnSe makes the ZnSe more appropriated for thin film transistor technology. © 2019, S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L. All right reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 11On (α-Φ) Contractions on Partial Hausdorff Metric Spaces(Politechnica University of Bucharest, 2018) Chen,C.-M.; Karapinar,E.; O'Regan,D.In this note we introduce the concept of a (α - φ)-Meir-Keeler contraction for multi-valued mappings and we investigate the existence of fixed points of such mappings in a complete partial metric space. Our results generalize, extend and unify several recent fixed point results. © 2018 Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.Article Remark on P-D Operator(Chiang Mai University, 2017) Gopal,D.; Karapınar,E.In this short communication, we show that P-D operator fall in the class of weakly compatible (respectively, occasionally weakly compatible) in the presence of a unique common fixed point (respectively, multiple common fixed points) of the given maps. © 2017 by the Mathematical Association of Thailand. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Determination of optical constants and temperature dependent band gap energy of GaS0.25Se0.75 single crystals(National Institute of Optoelectronics, 2017) Isik,M.; Gasanly,N.Optical properties of GaS0.25Se0.75 single crystals were investigated by means of temperature-dependent transmission and room temperature reflection experiments. Derivative spectrophotometry analysis showed that indirect band gap energies of the crystal increase from 2.13 to 2.26 eV as temperature is decreased from 300 to 10 K. Temperature dependence of band gap energy was fitted under the light of theoretical expression. The band gap energy change with temperature and absolute zero value of the band gap energy were found from the analyses. The Wemple-DiDomenico single effective oscillator model and Sellmeier oscillator model were applied to the spectral dependence of room temperature refractive index to find optical parameters of the GaS0.25Se0.75 crystal. Chemical composition of the crystal was determined using the energy dispersive spectral measurements.Article Citation - WoS: 48Citation - Scopus: 56Applications of the Extended Fractional Euler-Lagrange Equations Model To Freely Oscillating Dynamical Systems(Publishing House of the Romanian Academy, 2016) Agila,A.; Baleanu,D.; Eid,R.; Irfanoglu,B.The fractional calculus and the calculus of variations are utilized to model and control complex dynamical systems. Those systems are presented more accurately by means of fractional models. In this study, an extended version of the fractional Euler-Lagrange equations is introduced. In these equations the damping force term is extended to be proportional to the fractional derivative of the displacement with variable fractional order. The finite difference methods and the Coimbra fractional derivative are used to approximate the solution of the introduced fractional Euler-Lagrange equations model. The free oscillating single pendulum system is investigated. © 2016, Editura Academiei Romane. All rights reserved.