Browsing by Author "Mishra, Deepti"
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Article Citation Count: 51Applications of Stakeholder Theory in Information Systems and Technology(Kaunas Univ Technol, 2013) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Deepti; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringStakeholder theory has its origins in management literature. Preston (1999) traces the notion of stakeholders back to the great depression in the United States (1929-1941), when the General Electric company defined four major stakeholder groups - shareholders, employees, customers, and the general public. Stakeholder management has become an important tool to transfer ethics to management practice and strategy. Few management topics have generated more debate in recent decades than the underlying notion, the model and the theories surrounding stakeholders (Donaldson and Preston, 1995; Gibson, 2000; Wolfe and Putler, 2002; Friedman and Miles, 2006). The visual power of the stakeholder model and its high simplicity are seen as contributors to the success of the stakeholder concept (Fassin, 2008). An increasing interrelation is observed between the concepts of stakeholder theory, corporate responsibility, and business ethics (Valor, 2005; Garriga et al., 2004). The stakeholder approach in the organization integrates stakeholder relationships within a company's resource base, industry setting, and socio-political arena into a single analytical framework (Susniene & Sargunas, 2009). Mumford (1979) is one of the early researchers in supporting the involvement of end-users as a component of effective information systems development and implementation, using essentially the stakeholder concept in this domain. It has been proved that end-users and managers are very important towards successful system implementation. As more interorganizational information systems are developed which usually involve strategic decisions, a yet wider range of stakeholders needs to be involved (Pouloudi, 1999). In these systems the attention may switch from end-users and focus on those parties that are external to the organization, but who can also be associated in decision making at a managerial or strategic level (Pouloudi & Whitely, 1997). One of the most thorough investigations of the stakeholder concept in information systems research that relates information systems stakeholders with implementation failure was made as an early work by Lyytinen and Hirschheim (1987, 1988). They argue that failure is conditional on the capability of information system to meet the expectations of different stakeholders - i.e. to say an information system may be considered successful by some stakeholder but a failure by others. The concept of stakeholder represents a progression from developer - and user - centered problems to organization-wide and inter organizational information system problems. This is a sign of maturity of information systems research to show how holistic representation of the parties involved in the more complex systems currently developed (Pouloudi, 1999). Stakeholder theory proposes an ethical use of stakeholder concept in Information systems as ethical considerations and professional conduct is a significant issue in information system. The stakeholder theory is extensively used in management in investigating organizational ambiance, strategic management, ethical concerns, business planning process, e-government, project management, environment management, etc. Recently stakeholders are also seen as means to more successful information and communication technologies and information system development and implementation issues. The paper presents stakeholder theory, its origin and applications in Information Systems (IS) field in the literature. The main objective of this research is to build up the knowledge body of stakeholder applications in information systems and technology areas.Article Citation Count: 44Complex software project development: agile methods adoption(Wiley, 2011) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringThe Agile Software Development paradigm has become increasingly popular in the last few years, since it claims lower costs, better productivity, better quality and better business satisfaction. Supply chain management (SCM) is a complex software development project. Owing to its scope and uncertain, complex and unstable requirements, it is not possible to develop it with predictable software development process models. Agile methodologies are targeted toward such kinds of problems that involve change and uncertainty, and are adaptive rather than predictive. How an agile process is introduced will significantly impact the implementation success of the process change. The objective of this paper is to analyze the agile development methodologies and management approach used in developing a complex software project. This further demonstrates how to overcome risks and barriers in each development phase of such complex inventive software projects. It also provides a set of guidelines regarding how the agile methodologies can be adopted, combined and used in these kinds of complex software projects. These findings have implications for software engineers and managers developing software by agile methods. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Article Citation Count: 20A Computationally Efficient Method for Hybrid EEG-fNIRS BCI Based on the Pearson Correlation(Hindawi Ltd, 2020) Mıshra, Deepti; Khan, Muhammad U.; Mishra, Deepti; Computer EngineeringA hybrid brain computer interface (BCI) system considered here is a combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). EEG-fNIRS signals are simultaneously recorded to achieve high motor imagery task classification. This integration helps to achieve better system performance, but at the cost of an increase in system complexity and computational time. In hybrid BCI studies, channel selection is recognized as the key element that directly affects the system's performance. In this paper, we propose a novel channel selection approach using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, where only highly correlated channels are selected from each hemisphere. Then, four different statistical features are extracted, and their different combinations are used for the classification through KNN and Tree classifiers. As far as we know, there is no report available that explored the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient for hybrid EEG-fNIRS BCI channel selection. The results demonstrate that our hybrid system significantly reduces computational burden while achieving a classification accuracy with high reliability comparable to the existing literature.Book Part Citation Count: 2Curriculum Issues in Industry Oriented Software Engineering Education(Igi Global, 2012) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Deepti; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringSoftware engineering education has been emerging as an independent and mature discipline. Accordingly, various studies are being done to provide guidelines for the software engineering education curriculum design. This chapter summarizes the case for the need for software industry related courses and discusses the significance of industry oriented software engineering education to meet the educational objectives of all stakeholders. Software industry oriented curricula for the undergraduate and postgraduate levels are discussed. An industry oriented postgraduate level (Master's degree level) software engineering course is also proposed which includes foundational and applied courses to provide effective training to future software engineers. This will lead to the enhancement of their employment prospects in industrial and allied sectors.Article Citation Count: 37Effective Communication, Collaboration, and Coordination in eXtreme Programming: Human-Centric Perspective in a Small Organization(Wiley, 2009) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringEffective communication, collaboration, and coordination are important contributing factors in achieving success in agile software development projects. The significance of the workplace environment and tools are immense in effective communication, collaboration, and coordination among people performing software development. In this article, we study how the workplace environment and the effective use of tools like whiteboards, status boards, and so forth for exchanging information improved communication, collaboration, and coordination without compromising the ability to do individual work by developers in a small-scale software development organization. Based on experience and an extensive literature review of communication, collaboration, coordination, and the significance of these in the workplace environment, a survey questionnaire was developed to collect data and observe the effect of these in a small software development organization. Our study indicated appropriate workspace environment has a positive effect on communication, collaboration, and coordination in small organizations developing software using eXtreme Programming (XP). (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Article Citation Count: 6Escaping Local Minima in Path Planning Using a Robust Bacterial Foraging Algorithm(Mdpi, 2020) Khan, Muhammad Umer; Khan, Muhammad Umer; Güneş, Ahmet; Mıshra, Deepti; Mechatronics Engineering; Department of Mechatronics Engineering; Computer EngineeringThe bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm successfully searches for an optimal path from start to finish in the presence of obstacles over a flat surface map. However, the algorithm suffers from getting stuck in the local minima whenever non-circular obstacles are encountered. The retrieval from the local minima is crucial, as otherwise, it can cause the failure of the whole task. This research proposes an improved version of BFO called robust bacterial foraging (RBF), which can effectively avoid obstacles, both of circular and non-circular shape, without falling into the local minima. The virtual obstacles are generated in the local minima, causing the robot to retract and regenerate a safe path. The proposed method is easily extendable to multiple robots that can coordinate with each other. The information related to the virtual obstacles is shared with the whole swarm, so that they can escape the same local minima to save time and energy. To test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, a comparison is made against the existing BFO algorithm. Through the results, it was witnessed that the proposed approach successfully recovered from the local minima, whereas the BFO got stuck.Article Citation Count: 9Exploring and expanding students' success in software testing(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2017) Hacaloğlu, Tuna; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mıshra, Deepti; Mathematics; Information Systems Engineering; Computer EngineeringPurpose - Testing is one of the indispensable activities in software development and is being adopted as an independent course by software engineering (SE) departments at universities worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to carry out an investigation of the performance of learners about testing, given the tendencies in the industry and motivation caused by the unavailability of similar studies in software testing field. Design/methodology/approach - This study is based on the data collected over three years (between 2012 and 2014) from students taking the software testing course. The course is included in the second year of undergraduate curriculum for the bachelor of engineering (SE). Findings - It has been observed that, from the performance perspective, automated testing outperforms structural and functional testing techniques, and that a strong correlation exists among these three approaches. Moreover, a strong programming background does help toward further success in structural and automated testing, but has no effect on functional testing. The results of different teaching styles within the course are also presented together with an analysis exploring the relationship between students' gender and success in the software testing course, revealing that there is no difference in terms of performance between male and female students in the course. Moreover, it is advisable to introduce teaching concepts one at a time because students find it difficult to grasp the ideas otherwise. Research limitations/implications - These findings are based on the analysis conducted using three years of data collected while teaching a course in testing. Obviously, there are some limitations to this study. For example, student's strength in programming is calculated using the score of C programming courses taken in previous year/semester. Such scores may not reflect their current level of programming knowledge. Furthermore, attempt was made to ensure that the exercises given for different testing techniques have similar difficulty level to guarantee that the difference in success between these testing techniques is due to the inherent complexity of the technique itself and not because of different exercises. Still, there is small probability that a certain degree of change in success may be due to the difference in the difficulty levels of the exercises. As such, it is obviously premature to consider the present results as final since there is a lack of similar type of studies, with which the authors can compare the results. Therefore, more work needs to be done in different settings to draw sound conclusions in this respect. Originality/value - Although there are few studies (see e.g. Chan et al., 2005; Garousi and Zhi, 2013; Ng et al., 2004) exploring the preference of testers over distinct software testing techniques in the industry, there appears to be no paper comparing the preferences and performances of learners in terms of different testing techniques.Master Thesis Gereksinim mühendisliği fazı için durumsal yöntem mühendisliği(2009) Mıshra, Deepti; Mishra, Deepti; Computer EngineeringBu calışma, gereksinim mühendisliği fazına odaklanmış, varolan gereksinim mühendisliği fazının yöntemlerini incelemekte ve yazılım projelerindeki kısıtlamaları göz önünde bulundurarak karşılaştırmaktadır. Bazı projeler ve durumlar için bazı yöntemlerin daha uygun olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu yöntemler; projenin özelliklerine duruma ve projeye göre biçimlendirilmelidir. Bu durumsal yöntem mühendisliğinin konusudur ve yöntemin geliştirilmekte olan projenin ihtiyaçlarına göre biçimlendirilmesidir. Yöntemleri değişik proje özelliklerine göre birbirinden ayırmak amacıyla, yeni bir kategorilendirme stili yaratılmıştır. Bu kategorilendirme stili ve durumsal yöntem mühendisliği kullanılarak yeni bir program geliştirilmiştir. Bu program varolan programlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Yayınlanmış ve sektörden gelen geri bildirimler toplanmıştır. Bu geri bildirimler sunulmuş ve ileri sürülmüş olan yöntemin geliştirilmesi için tartışılmıştır.Article Citation Count: 0Group Discussion in a Blended Environment in Engineering Education(Uikten - Assoc information Communication Technology Education & Science, 2021) Mıshra, Deepti; Dalveren, Gonca Gökçe Menekşe; Volden, Frode S.; Allen, Carly Grace; Computer Engineering; Information Systems EngineeringGroup work is a necessary element of engineering education and group members need information about one another, group process, shared attention and mutual understanding during group discussions. There are several important elements for establishing and maintaining a group discussion such as participant's role, seating arrangement, verbal and non-verbal cues, eye gaze, gestures etc. The present study investigates these elements for identifying the behavior of group members in a blend of traditional face-to-face discussion along with computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) setting. The results of this study have shown that, speaking duration is the key factor for identifying the leadership in a group and participants mostly used eye gazes for turn taking. Although this study is a mix of face-to-face and CSCW discussion setting, participants mostly behave like face-to-face group discussion. However, unlike the previous studies involving face-to-face discussion, the relation between seating arrangement and amount of attention is not apparent from the data during this study.Article Citation Count: 49Impact of physical ambiance on communication, collaboration and coordination in agile software development: An empirical evaluation(Elsevier, 2012) Mıshra, Alok; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mıshra, Deepti; Mathematics; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringContext: Communication, collaboration and coordination are key enablers of software development and even more so in agile methods. The physical environment of the workspace plays a significant role in effective communication, collaboration, and coordination among people while developing software. Objective: In this paper, we have studied and further evaluated empirically the effect of different constituents of physical environment on communication, coordination, and collaboration, respectively. The study aims to provide a guideline for prospective agile software developers. Method: A survey was conducted among software developers at a software development organization. To collect data, a survey was carried out along with observations, and interviews. Results: It has been found that half cubicles are 'very effective' for the frequency of communication. Further, half cubicles were discovered 'effective' but not 'very effective' for the quality/effectiveness of communication. It is found that half-height cubicles and status boards are 'very effective' for the coordination among team members according to the survey. Communal/discussion space is found to be 'effective' but not 'very effective' for coordination among team members. Our analysis also reveals that half-height glass barriers are 'very effective' during the individuals problem-solving activities while working together as a team. Infact, such a physically open environment appears to improve communication, coordination, and collaboration. Conclusion: According to this study, an open working environment with only half-height glass barriers and communal space plays a major role in communication among team members. The presence of status boards significantly help in reducing unnecessary communication by providing the required information to individuals and therefore, in turn reduce distractions a team member may confront in their absence. As communication plays a significant role in improving coordination and collaboration, it is not surprising to find the effect of open working environment and status boards in improving coordination and collaboration. An open working environment increases the awareness among software developers e.g. who is doing what, what is on the agenda, what is taking place, etc. That in turn, improves coordination among them. A communal/discussion space helps in collaboration immensely. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Editorial Citation Count: 0Information Systems in Distributed Environment(Elsevier, 2016) Mıshra, Alok; Munch, Jurgen; Mıshra, Deepti; Mishra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering[No Abstract Available]Article Citation Count: 20Knowledge management in requirement elicitation: Situational methods view(Elsevier, 2018) Mıshra, Alok; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mishra, Alok; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mıshra, Deepti; Mathematics; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringIn small-scale software development organizations, software engineers are beginning to realize the significance of adapting software development methods according to project conditions. There is a requirement to proliferate this know-how to other developers, who may be facing the same settings/context, so that they too can benefit from others' experiences. In this paper, the application of situational method engineering in requirements elicitation phase is investigated. A novel, simple and dynamic web-based tool, Situational Requirement Method System (SRMS), is developed which can aid in conception/formulation, repository, and elicitation/derivation of methods related with this stage. The proposed approach and tool are validated by distributing a questionnaire among software professionals working in large software companies, and making SRMS accessible to them. The results indicate that a majority of the participants finds SRMS useful and provides various suggestions to improve it. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation Count: 5Object-Oriented Inheritance Metrics in the Context of Cognitive Complexity(Ios Press, 2011) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringIt is important to identify modules that are fault prone or exhibit evidence of high cognitive complexity as these modules require corrective actions such as increased source code inspection, refactoring or performing more exhaustive testing. This can lead to a better quality software system. It has been found that inheritance has an impact on the cognitive complexity of a software system. In this paper, two inheritance metrics based on cognitive complexity, one at class level CCI (Class Complexity due to Inheritance) and another at program level ACI (Average Complexity of a program due to Inheritance), have been proposed for object-oriented software systems. Additionally, one more metric MC (Method Complexity) has been proposed to calculate the complexity of a method. These proposed metrics are compared with some well known object-oriented inheritance metrics by calculating their values for three random C++ programs. It has been observed that CCI and ACT are better to represent cognitive complexity due to inheritance than other well known class level and program level inheritance metrics.Article Citation Count: 14Organizational issues in embracing Agile methods: an empirical assessment(Springer india, 2021) Mıshra, Alok; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mishra, Deepti; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Mathematics; Computer EngineeringThis study provides empirical evidence to the body of knowledge in Agile methods adoption in small, medium and large organizations in international context. This research explores the factors involved in the adoption of Agile methods in software development organizations. A survey was conducted among Agile professionals to gather survey data from 52 software organizations in seven countries across the world. Statistical techniques are applied towards empirical assessment. Organizational culture, team structure and management support are found to be crucial success factors whereas lack of management support, a large organization size and traditional organizational culture are found to be detrimental for the adoption of Agile approach in an organization. The selection of an appropriate Agile method depends on the project size and, for each size, there are specific methods preferred by different enterprises. Providing better control over the work is viewed as the primary advantage of the Agile methods within large and small organizations, while for the medium-size organizations, the priority is switched to coping with changing user requirements. Majority of the respondents did not consider embracing agile methods as a reason for project failure which indicates that Agile methods are, indeed, beneficial.Article Citation Count: 2Personal response systems through the prism of students' experiences(Wiley, 2020) Ostrovska, Sofiya; Chew, Esyin; Mıshra, Deepti; Wong, Jojo; Mathematics; Computer EngineeringPersonal response systems (PRSs) today offer an opportunity to the field of education in terms of improving teaching and learning outcomes through active engagement in classrooms. The present paper investigates students' attitudes to different types of PRSs, namely, Socrative and Clickers. Both qualitative and quantitative data are gathered and classified. The performed thematic analysis reveals major categories within the framework of this study, namely educational efficacy, psychological aspects, technology-related issues, and administrative issues. It has been found that Socrative fares better in the "educational efficacy" and "administrative issues," whereas Clickers outperforms Socrative in the "technological-related issues." It is worth pointing out that both Socrative and Clickers are tantamount in "psychological aspects" yielding no negative experiences. The results of this study reveal that two main factors, cost and technological infrastructure, are determinative in the incorporation and appreciation of such systems in an educational setting.Article Citation Count: 20Research Trends in Management Issues of Global Software Development: Evaluating the Past to Envision the Future(Taylor & Francis inc, 2011) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringThis paper presents research trends in management issues (project management, process management, knowledge management, requirements management, configuration management, risk management, quality management) of distributed/global information system development. The main objective is to highlight the current research and practice direction in these areas. The results are based on peer-reviewed conference papers/journal articles, published between 2000 and early 2011. The analysis revealed that most research has been done in project management, process management, knowledge management and requirements management areas while configuration, risk, and quality management issues could get only limited attention in global/distributed information system development. This indicates the need for future research (quantitative and qualitative) in these areas.Article Citation Count: 18A review of non-technical issues in global software development(inderscience Enterprises Ltd, 2011) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringOwing to globalisation and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) proliferation, Global Software Development (GSD) is increasingly omnipresent. Many organisations have turned to it in the quest for higher quality software delivered on time economically. GSD is facing a variety of challenges, including non-technical challenges such as cross-cultural management, communication, collaboration, coordination, distance and time, team dynamics, trust, etc. In this paper these significant non-technical issues are reviewed. It is found that non-technical areas such as team dynamics and cross-cultural risk management have received scant attention and need further studies. Implications drawn from the review will provide knowledge to facilitate further empirical studies in these areas.Conference Object Citation Count: 0Scale Up Internet-Based Business Through Distributed Data Centers(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2015) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringDistributed data centers are becoming more and more important for internet-based companies. Without distributed data centers, it will be hard for internet companies to scale up their business. The traditional centralized data center suffers the drawback of bottle neck and single failure problem. Therefore, more and more internet companies are building distributed data centers, and more and more business are moved onto distributed Web services. This paper reviews the history of distributed Web services and studies their current status through examining the distributed data centers of several top Internet companies. Based on the study, we conclude that distributed services, including distributed data centers, are the key factors to scale up the business of a company, especially, an internet-based company.Article Citation Count: 23Simplified software inspection process in compliance with international standards(Elsevier Science Bv, 2009) Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringA significant amount of software is developed all over the world by small and medium size software organizations. These organizations do not have enough infrastructures and resources to implement an austere quality plan. Software inspection is a fundamental component of the software quality assurance process. Formal review methods are rigorous and their implementation is cumbersome for small and medium enterprises. In this paper, we have presented a new simplified inspection process which is easy to implement. requires fewer resource and almost no documentation. Also, people who are conducting this inspection need not be present at the same place during most stages of the inspection process. We have also compared this process with IEEE and NASA standards for software inspection and found that it meets almost 99% of both standards. While there has been much research on inspection, little attention is paid towards compliance with international standards. These results could be used as a basis for further research in software inspection and process towards aligning with international standards. This process has been successfully implemented in a CMM level 3 software development organization which is striving to accomplish higher maturity levels to establish at the international level. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conference Object Citation Count: 1A Software Development Process Model for Cloud by Combining Traditional Approaches(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2015) Hacaloğlu, Tuna; Eren, P. Erhan; Mıshra, Alok; Mishra, Alok; Mıshra, Deepti; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringEven though cloud computing is a technological paradigm that has been adopted more and more in various domains, there are few studies investigating the software development lifecycle in cloud computing applications and there is still not a comprehensive software development process model developed for cloud computing yet. Due to the nature of cloud computing that is completely different from the traditional software development, there is a need of suggesting process models to perform the software development systematically to create high quality software. In this study, we propose a new conceptual Software Development Life Cycle Model for Cloud Software Development that incorporates characteristics of different process models for traditional software development. The proposed model takes traditional model's specific characteristics into account and also considers cloud's specific nature i.e. advantages and challenges as well.